Spatial Subsidy of an Intraguild Predator: Consequences for Top-down and Bottom-up Impacts on Insect Herbivores

空间补贴的intraguild捕食者：自上而下和自下而上的影响，对昆虫herbivoresThe研究建议扩展我们的工作天敌与寄主植物控制的昆虫herbivores（稻飞虱）栖息在互花米草盐沼沿着大西洋海岸，包括广泛的空间补贴的影响intraguild捕食者（豹蛛）从邻近的高地系统（Spartina patens）。 具体而言，空间依赖性假设测试的影响，每年的捕食者补贴，因为它的接口与空间变化的植被结构上的稻飞虱动态，食物网的相互作用，和互花米草的营养级联的概率。 随着自然栖息地变得更加分散，系统之间的参与者交流增加，了解这种捕食者入侵对食物网动态和当地生物多样性的后果变得至关重要。 此外，阐明捕食者补贴对食草昆虫的影响对农业有重要意义。 例如，害虫管理者现在正在寻找方法，通过在邻近栖息地为捕食者建立“空间避难所”，鼓励天敌并促进种植系统中的害虫抑制。 因此，深入了解促进不同栖息地之间捕食者交换的因素可能会导致在强制减少农药的世界中更有效的害虫管理策略。

Spatial subsidy of an intraguild predator:consequences for top-down and bottom-up impacts on insect herbivoresThe research herein proposes to extend our work on natural enemy versus host plant control of insect herbivores (planthoppers) inhabiting the Spartina alterniflora salt marshes along the Atlantic coast to include the effects of an extensive spatial subsidy of intraguild predators (Pardosa wolf spiders) from a neighboring upland system (Spartina patens). Specifically, spatially dependent hypotheses are tested concerning the impact of this annual predator subsidy as it interfaces with spatial variation in vegetation structure on planthopper dynamics, food-web interactions, and the probability for trophic cascades in Spartina alterniflora. As natural habitats become more fragmented and the exchange of players among systems increases, it becomes imperative to understand the consequences of such predator incursions on food-web dynamics and local biodiversity. Also, elucidating the consequences of predator subsidies on insect herbivores has important implications for agriculture. For example, pest managers are now seeking ways to encourage natural enemies and promote pest suppression in cropping systems by establishing "spatial refuges" for predators in neighboring habitats. Thus, gaining insight into factors that promote the exchange of predators between different habitats may lead to more effective pest management strategies in a world of mandated pesticide reduction.