Collaborative Research: Independent Evolutionary Origins of Tetrodotoxin Resistance as a Test of the Geographic Mosaic of Coevolution

合作研究：河豚毒素抗性的独立进化起源作为共同进化地理镶嵌的检验

• 批准号: 0315172
• 负责人: Edmund Brodie, Jr
• 金额: $ 18.33万
• 依托单位: Utah State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0315172&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Independent; Evolutionary; Origins

The proposed research will investigate the role of geographic structure in determining patterns of coevolutionary interaction and the dynamics of arms-races. It has been difficult in the past to disentangle biogeographic structure itself from the environmental differences among populations because study systems cannot be replicated within the same geographic range. The arms race between garter snakes of the genus Thamnophis and toxic newts of the genus Taricha provides a unique opportunity to explore this problem because new evidence indicates multiple independent evolutionary origins of the traits critical to the interaction. The proposed research will determine the broad-scale geographic patterns of variation in tetrodotoxin toxicity and sodium channel resistance in regions where multiple species of garter snakes and newts occur. If geography and/or prey phenotypes are most important in determining coevolutionary trajectories, sympatric populations of garter snakes will show matched levels of resistance. If differences in the selective environment or species interactions are paramount, then sympatric populations of predators will have unmatched levels of resistance. By surveying diet composition in sympatric predators and the degree of phenotype matching between each predator and prey species, the investigators can further determine the general factors influencing mismatches among sympatric predators. Revealing the fundamental aspects of coevolution is critical to furthering our understanding of all biological interactions, whether they occur between humans and pathogens, disease and antibiotics, or predators and prey. This project explores basic elements of the coevolutionary process that impact all systems. The proposed funding will directly support the training of two graduate students as research assistants as well as numerous other graduate and undergraduate students that are involved with the project at all levels. The snake-newt arms race has developed as a popular paradigm for understanding coevolution through outreach education (on recent PBS-TV, popular press, and a coming exhibit in the Wonderlab children's science museum in Bloomington, IN).

拟议的研究将调查地理结构在确定共同进化相互作用模式和军备竞赛动态中的作用。过去很难将生物地理结构本身与人群之间的环境差异分开，因为研究系统无法在同一地理范围内复制。 Thamnophis 属吊袜带蛇和 Taricha 属有毒蝾螈之间的军备竞赛为探索这个问题提供了独特的机会，因为新的证据表明对相互作用至关重要的性状存在多个独立的进化起源。拟议的研究将确定多种袜带蛇和蝾螈出现地区河豚毒素毒性和钠通道抗性变化的大范围地理模式。如果地理和/或猎物表型在确定共同进化轨迹中最重要，那么同域的袜带蛇种群将表现出匹配水平的抵抗力。 如果选择性环境或物种相互作用的差异至关重要，那么同域捕食者种群将具有无与伦比的抵抗力。通过调查同域捕食者的饮食组成以及每个捕食者和猎物物种之间表型匹配的程度，研究人员可以进一步确定影响同域捕食者之间不匹配的一般因素。揭示共同进化的基本方面对于加深我们对所有生物相互作用的理解至关重要，无论它们是发生在人类与病原体、疾病与抗生素之间，还是捕食者与猎物之间。 该项目探讨了影响所有系统的共同进化过程的基本要素。拟议的资金将直接支持培训两名研究助理研究生以及参与该项目各个级别的众多其他研究生和本科生。蛇蝾螈军备竞赛已发展成为通过外展教育理解共同进化的流行范例（最近的 PBS-TV、大众媒体以及即将在印第安纳州布卢明顿 Wonderlab 儿童科学博物馆举办的展览）。