The Interface Between Internal and External Knowledge: R&D Laboratories as Integration Entities

内部知识和外部知识之间的接口：R

• 批准号: 0335005
• 负责人: Laura Cardinal
• 金额: $ 9.96万
• 依托单位: Tulane University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-08-15 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0335005&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Interface; Between; Internal; External; Knowledge

Abstract: This study focuses on fundamental research on the management of corporate R&D. There is a great deal of variance in the effectiveness of basic research (discovery of new ideas and relationships) and innovation (commercialization) . The variance is both between firms and within firms that have multiple R&D labs. The research is designed to test organizational theories linking effectiveness of R&D to coordination, communication, and cooperation to division of specialized knowledge labor. The more specialized the division of labor, the greater the information coordination needs. The knowledge sources are both within firm (primarily cross-functional) and external (disciplinary, patents, and public science). This study will be the first, pilot stage of an eventual large scale field study of corporate R&D laboratories. The broad objective is to model how firms balance and integrate the needs for internal information flows and tight coordination with access to external public knowledge and information. For product innovation it is important to have tight coordination in order to incorporate and integrate information and knowledge spread out across various functional areas such as manufacturing and marketing. Basic research requires sources of knowledge external to the firm that are substantially dependent on discipline knowledge and public science.In terms of broad impact, this research specifically targets the effectiveness of corporate R&D, which is critical for technological advancement at multiple levels: national, industrial, and organizational. This line of research also should be informative for management of university technology transfer, such as spin-outs, and government R&D, such as DARPA projects. The investigator is committed to continue incorporating valid research into educational materials and curricula.

翻译后摘要：本研究的重点是企业研发管理的基础研究。基础研究（发现新的想法和关系）和创新（商业化）的有效性存在很大差异。这种差异既存在于企业之间，也存在于拥有多个研发实验室的企业内部。本研究的目的是检验组织理论，将研发的有效性与协调、沟通、合作和专业知识劳动分工联系起来。分工越专业，信息协调的需求就越大。知识来源既有公司内部的（主要是跨职能部门的），也有外部的（学科、专利和公共科学）。这项研究将是第一个试点阶段的最终大规模的实地研究的公司研发实验室。广泛的目标是建立模型，说明公司如何平衡和整合内部信息流动和紧密协调的需要与获得外部公共知识和信息的需要。对于产品创新，重要的是要有紧密的协调，以纳入和整合信息和知识分散在各个职能领域，如制造和营销。基础研究需要企业外部的知识来源，这些知识来源主要依赖于学科知识和公共科学。从广泛的影响力来看，本研究特别针对企业R D的有效性，这对国家、产业和组织等多个层面的技术进步至关重要。这一系列的研究也应该为大学技术转让的管理提供信息，如分拆，以及政府研发，如DARPA项目。研究者致力于继续将有效的研究纳入教材和课程。