Collaborative Research: Coordinate Induction of Sink Strength and Polyphenol Metabolism in Trees

合作研究：树木库强度和多酚代谢的协调诱导

• 批准号: 0336717
• 负责人: Thomas Arnold
• 金额: $ 5.34万
• 依托单位: Dickinson College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-06-30 至 2005-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0336717&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Coordinate; Induction; Sink

The ability of plants to respond to damage by pests and pathogens is widespread, but not all plant tissues are capable of producing defensive responses. Defensive responsiveness is greatest in young leaves and decreases dramatically with age. The variation in defensive capabilities among different parts of plants affects the foraging of herbivores on plants, the ability of herbivores to develop resistance to plant defenses, and the success of predators in locating herbivores. To understand the ecology and evolution of plants and their interactions with herbivores, it is critical to understand how plant defensive responses differ among different plant tissues. The movement of carbohydrates throughout the canopies of trees may influence the ability of young foliage to develop defensive responses. For example, the ability of wounded Poplar leaves to obtain the resources they need to produce defensive chemicals (polyphenolics) appears to be affected by the rate at which carbohydrates are imported from the plant vascular system. In other words, the magnitude of the defensive response is directly related to the flow of resources to wounded leaves. This flow of resources causes variation in defensive responses among different plant tissues, because wounded tissues vary in their ability to acquire resources from the plant vascular system. The PIs propose to test this hypothesis rigorously with greenhouse and laboratory experiments on hybrid poplar and oak saplings. Chemical analyses of plant foliage will be conducted to assess defensive responses, and carbon 13 labeling experiments will be used to measure rates of resource movement in whole plants. The proposed research will result in (1) the development of a model designed to predict where and when defensive responses are likely to occur, (2) the establishment of monitoring technology that can be applied to a broad range of plant communities in the field, and (3) the training of graduate and undergraduate students in the plant sciences.

植物对害虫和病原体损害的反应能力是普遍存在的，但并非所有植物组织都能够产生防御反应。 防御反应在嫩叶中最大，并随着年龄的增长而急剧下降。 植物不同部位防御能力的差异影响着食草动物对植物的觅食、食草动物对植物防御的抗性以及捕食者对食草动物定位的成功。为了了解植物的生态学和进化以及它们与食草动物的相互作用，了解植物防御反应在不同植物组织中的差异是至关重要的。 碳水化合物在整个树冠中的运动可能会影响幼叶发展防御反应的能力。 例如，受伤的白杨叶片获得产生防御化学物质（多酚）所需资源的能力似乎受到碳水化合物从植物维管系统输入的速度的影响。 换句话说，防御反应的大小直接关系到资源流向受伤的叶子。 这种资源的流动导致不同植物组织之间防御反应的变化，因为受伤的组织从植物维管系统获得资源的能力不同。 PI建议通过对杂交白杨和橡树树苗的温室和实验室实验来严格验证这一假设。 将对植物叶子进行化学分析，以评估防御反应，碳13标记实验将用于测量整个植物的资源移动速率。 拟议的研究将导致（1）开发一个模型，旨在预测何时何地可能发生防御反应，（2）建立监测技术，可应用于该领域的广泛植物群落，以及（3）培训植物科学的研究生和本科生。