Change in Gene Expression in a Forb and an Annual Grass in Response to Elevated CO2, Warming, Precipitation Increase and Nitrogen Deposition in a Mediterranean Annual Grassland.

地中海一年生草原中，杂草和一年生草对二氧化碳升高、变暖、降水增加和氮沉降的反应中基因表达的变化。

• 批准号: 0344523
• 负责人: Shauna Somerville
• 金额: $ 30.53万
• 依托单位: Carnegie Institution of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-06-15 至 2006-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0344523&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Change; Gene; Expression; Forb; Annual

SOMERVILLE ABSTRACTHumans rely on ecosystems for critical goods and services. In the coming decades, ecosystems will be exposed to a novel range of human impacts, including altered climate. To anticipate the consequences of these changes on the biosphere, detailed knowledge of how various ecosystems respond to global change parameters is needed. This project is a component of a large, long-term, interdisciplinary study, the Jasper Ridge Global Change Experiment (JRGCE), of an annual Mediterranean grassland ecosystem. The broad goals of the JRGCE are to develop a mechanistic understanding of ecosystem changes to realistic combinations of elevated CO2, altered precipitation, increased nitrogen deposition and warming, and to develop predictive models of future ecosystem change. The general goal of this portion of the project is to provide some insight into the underlying physiological processes in plants that contribute to ecosystem change in this grassland. With this project, the work will move from the current methods development phase to the data collection phase. Microarrays will be used to measure transcript abundance for two dominant species, Avena barbata and Geranium dissectum. Lists of genes showing significant changes in expression in response to the four global change parameters or their interactions will be determined yearly and, in a summary analysis of the data from four years, in the final year of the project. These data will be mined to identify whether genes associated with specific biological processes are over- represented in any of the gene clusters. In addition, covariance analysis will be performed with selected genes or genes sets and the various ecological (e.g., net primary productivity), biochemical (e.g., soil phosphatase activity), and biogeochemical (e.g., soil nitrogen compounds) parameters that are measured in the same JRGCE plots. The microarray technology was selected as it is the best currently available method for surveying a very large number of parameters (genes) in a largely unbiased fashion. From these experiments, genes or groups of genes whose expression patterns closely reflect one or more of the global change factors, will be identified and genes that are diagnostic for some of the ecological and biochemical processes measured on the JRGCE plots will be determined. Some of these gene sets may suggest the involvement of biological processes that had not been implicated in prior research, which has focused on carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Broader Impacts: This exploratory project is expected to lead to a number of specific hypotheses about plant responses and ecosystem level changes to global change factors, which will be tested in future experiments. The research will involve training and other outreach activities that will be coordinated by the "Carnegie Outreach Coordinator", who will be supported in part by this grant.

萨默维尔摘要人类依赖生态系统来获取关键商品和服务。 在未来几十年中，生态系统将受到一系列新的人类影响，包括气候变化。为了预测这些变化对生物圈的影响，需要详细了解各种生态系统如何应对全球变化参数。 该项目是一项大型、长期、跨学科研究的组成部分，即贾斯珀岭全球变化实验（JRGCE），该研究针对一年一度的地中海草原生态系统。 JRGCE 的总体目标是建立对生态系统变化的机制理解，以了解二氧化碳升高、降水变化、氮沉降增加和变暖的实际组合，并开发未来生态系统变化的预测模型。 该项目这一部分的总体目标是深入了解有助于该草原生态系统变化的植物的潜在生理过程。 通过该项目，工作将从当前的方法开发阶段转向数据收集阶段。 微阵列将用于测量两种优势物种（Avena barbata 和 Geranium dissectum）的转录本丰度。 将每年确定显示响应四个全局变化参数或其相互作用的表达显着变化的基因列表，并在项目的最后一年对四年的数据进行汇总分析。 这些数据将被挖掘，以确定与特定生物过程相关的基因是否在任何基因簇中过度表达。 此外，还将对选定的基因或基因集以及在同一 JRGCE 图中测量的各种生态（例如，净初级生产力）、生物化学（例如，土壤磷酸酶活性）和生物地球化学（例如，土壤氮化合物）参数进行协方差分析。选择微阵列技术是因为它是目前以基本公正的方式调查大量参数（基因）的最佳方法。从这些实验中，将鉴定其表达模式紧密反映一个或多个全球变化因素的基因或基因组，并将确定对 JRGCE 图上测量的一些生态和生化过程具有诊断作用的基因。其中一些基因组可能表明涉及先前研究中未涉及的生物过程，这些研究重点关注碳和氮代谢。更广泛的影响：这个探索性项目预计将产生一些关于植物对全球变化因素的反应和生态系统水平变化的具体假设，这些假设将在未来的实验中进行测试。 该研究将涉及培训和其他外展活动，这些活动将由“卡内基外展协调员”协调，该协调员将得到这笔赠款的部分支持。