CAREER: Symbiotic Role of Bacterial Bioluminescence

职业：细菌生物发光的共生作用

• 批准号: 0347317
• 负责人: Eric Stabb
• 金额: $ 55万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-15 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0347317&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Symbiotic; Role; Bacterial; Bioluminescence

All healthy plants and animals have a resident microbiota, and the associations between bacteria and their hosts influence the development and ecological success of both partners. The research aim of this project will advance our understanding of host-bacteria interactions and will provide a novel opportunity for lab-based studies of bacterial physiology in a context that is relevant to bacterial survival in the environment -- in its natural animal host. This research exploits the tractable light organ symbiosis between the bioluminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri and the nocturnal squid Euprymna scolopes as a model system to elucidate the functional role of bacterial bioluminescence. Theoretically, bioluminescence is energetically expensive, because it consumes oxygen and reducing power, which might otherwise be used to generate energy through respiration. Consistent with this theory, bioluminescence slows bacterial growth in culture. However, bioluminescence is common in host-associated marine bacteria like V. fischeri, and it enables V. fischeri to fully-colonize the host light organ. The research focus of this project will test possible benefits of bioluminescence in the host and reveal key differences between bacterial physiology in the host and in culture. The teaching aim of this project will broaden the learning opportunities for students in the field of host-bacteria interactions through the establishment of a new course, "Bacterial Symbioses", which integrates concepts in beneficial and pathogenic host-bacteria interactions, and through undergraduate laboratory research projects. The development of research and teaching programs that elucidate the physiological underpinnings of natural bacteria-host interactions will be pivotal in facing such current societal problems as the replacement of broad spectrum antibiotics and the (re)emergence of diseases with environmental hosts.

所有健康的植物和动物都有一个常驻的微生物群，细菌和宿主之间的联系影响着双方的发展和生态成功。该项目的研究目标将促进我们对宿主-细菌相互作用的理解，并将为在与细菌在环境中生存相关的环境中-在其天然动物宿主中-进行基于实验室的细菌生理学研究提供新的机会。本研究利用生物发光细菌Vibrio fischeri和夜行性鱿鱼Euprymna nodiopes之间的易处理的光器官共生作为模型系统，以阐明细菌生物发光的功能作用。从理论上讲，生物发光在能量上是昂贵的，因为它消耗氧气和还原能量，否则可能会通过呼吸产生能量。与这一理论相一致，生物发光减缓了培养物中的细菌生长。然而，生物发光在宿主相关的海洋细菌中很常见，如费氏弧菌，它使费氏弧菌能够完全定植在宿主的发光器官中。该项目的研究重点将测试生物发光在宿主中的可能益处，并揭示宿主和培养物中细菌生理学之间的关键差异。本项目的教学目标是通过建立一门新的课程“细菌共生”，将有益和致病的宿主-细菌相互作用的概念整合在一起，并通过本科生实验室研究项目，拓宽学生在宿主-细菌相互作用领域的学习机会。阐明自然细菌-宿主相互作用的生理基础的研究和教学计划的发展将是面对当前社会问题的关键，如广谱抗生素的替代和环境宿主疾病的（重新）出现。