CAREER: Robust On-Line Location and Routing for Urban Service Systems

摘要：城市服务系统的鲁棒在线定位和路由研究重点是在动态变化的环境中为城市服务操作提供实时定位和路由决策的概念框架和算法步骤的发展，包括应急响应服务、携带危险物质的车辆和涉及危险物质的事件响应团队。许多这些城市服务业务（如救护车、警察、消防和紧急维修）的响应时间和相关的服务水平取决于在道路上的行驶时间以及服务呼叫与响应车辆的相对位置。因此，最佳位置和路线决策对许多应急服务操作的性能至关重要。实时信息可用于改进应急服务和其他城市业务的战术和操作位置和路线决策，包括危险材料的运输。然而，关键的是，动态响应当前网络状态的程序要考虑到未来旅行条件的时变和不确定性，以便产生鲁棒的解决方案；即，尽管旅行条件变化，但解决方案仍将保持最佳或接近最佳，并且可以应用于各种情况。在这项工作中，考虑了未来旅行条件固有的随机和动态特性，包括弧或节点故障的概率，以及旅行条件的时空相关性和多个冲突目标的可能性。伴随这项研究工作的是一项综合教育计划，为学生提供来自多学科的基础知识和技能，使他们能够解决广泛的难题，通过将现实问题纳入课程，将研究和教学结合起来，培养对交通研究生学习的兴趣，并促进女性和工程领域代表性不足的少数民族的保留。运用非讲座式的教学技巧，提高对基本工程概念的理解能力。

ABSTRACTCAREER: Robust On-Line Location and Routing for Urban Service SystemsElise Miller-HooksProposal No. 9875305This research focuses on the development of the conceptual framework andalgorithmic steps for real-time location and routing decisions in dynamicallychanging environments for urban service operations, including emergencyresponse services, vehicles carrying hazardous materials, and response teams toincidents involving hazardous materials. Response time and the associatedlevel of service of many of these urban service operations, such as ambulance,police, fire and emergency repair, depend on travel times experienced on theroadways and the relative location of the call for service to that of theresponse vehicle. Thus, optimal location and routing decisions are vital tothe performance of many emergency service operations. Real-time informationcan be used to make improved tactical and operational location and routingdecisions for emergency services and other urban operations, including thetransport of hazardous materials. However, it is critical that procedures thatdynamically respond to current conditions on the state of the network considerthe time-varying and uncertain nature of future travel conditions in order togenerate robust solutions; i.e. solutions that will remain optimal, or nearlyoptimal, despite variations in travel conditions and that can be applied to avariety of situations. The inherent stochastic and dynamic characteristics offuture travel conditions, including the probability of arc or node failures, aswell as the spatial and temporal correlation in travel conditions and thepossibility of multiple conflicting objectives, are considered in this work. Accompanying this research effort is an integrated educational initiative toprovide students with fundamental knowledge and skills drawn from multipledisciplines to allow them to solve a broad range of difficult problems, tointegrate research and teaching through inclusion of real-world problems incoursework, to impart an interest in transportation graduate studies andpromote retention of women and underrepresented minorities in engineering, andto develop skills in using non-lecture based pedagogical techniques forimproved comprehension of fundamental engineering concepts.