Stratospheric Aerosol Data Assimilation for Climate Studies

PIS将在新一代美国航天局有限体积数据同化系统(FVDAS)的基础上开发一个平流层气溶胶数据同化系统，以产生适用于气候研究的平流层气溶胶和气体实验(SAGE)观测的延长时间段的全球平流层气溶胶数据集。它们将解释气溶胶传输和微物理变化的物理机制，并调整用于同化卫星、激光雷达、气球和飞行任务观测的fvDAS。将计算气溶胶消光、单次散射反照率、不对称参数、后向散射系数和相函数的动态一致的三维空间分布。这项研究将集中在从1979年到现在的25年间，涵盖20世纪两次最大的火山喷发--El Chichon和Pinatubo--的影响。为了练习和验证新的数据集，他们将计算火山气溶胶造成的辐射强迫，并研究火山喷发对十年气候变化的影响。他们将量化自己对观察到的北极涛动积极趋势的贡献。计算的气溶胶数据集和气溶胶辐射强迫将用于气候和化学研究。该项目的更广泛影响将支持一名研究生的教育。该项目将在罗格斯大学、NASA兰利研究中心、NASA戈达德太空飞行中心、科罗拉多大学和圣何塞州立大学之间开展新的研究合作。结果将以电子形式在万维网上传播，将更好地了解观测到的气候变化的机制，并将改进火山对气候影响的量化，这显然对社会有益。

The PIs will develop a data assimilation system for stratospheric aerosols based on the new generation NASA finite volume Data Assimilation System (fvDAS) to produce a global stratospheric aerosol data set for the extended time period of the stratospheric aerosol and gas experiment (SAGE) observations suitable for climate studies. They will account for the physical mechanisms of aerosol transport and microphysical transformations, and tune the fvDAS for assimilating satellite, lidar, balloon, and mission observations. Dynamically-consistent 3-D spatial distributions of aerosol extinction, single scattering albedo, asymmetry parameter, backscattering coefficient, and phase function will be calculated. The study will focus on the 25-year period from 1979 to the present covering the effects of two of the largest volcanic eruptions of the 20th century, El Chichon and Pinatubo. To exercise and validate the new data set, they will calculate radiative forcing caused by volcanic aerosols and study the effect of volcanic eruptions on decadal climate change. They will quantify their contribution to the observed positive trend of the Arctic Oscillation. The calculated aerosol data set and aerosol radiative forcing will be made available for climate and chemistry studies. Broader impacts of this project will support the education of one graduate student. The project will develop new research collaborations between Rutgers University, the NASA Langley Research Center, the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, the University of Colorado, and San Jose State University. The results will be disseminated electronically on the Worldwide Web and will produce a better understanding of the mechanisms of observed climate change and will improve the quantification of the volcanic effect on climate, clearly of benefit to society.