Collaborative Research: Three-Dimensional Cloud-Resolved Simulations of Trace Gas Transport, Lightning NOx Production, and Photochemistry in Observed Deep Convection

在STERAO-A（平流层-对流层实验：辐射、气溶胶和臭氧，1996年）期间，将对风暴进行三维模型模拟。这个实地项目的目的是研究对流风暴中的微量气体输送、氮氧化物（NOx）的闪电产生和光化学。EULINOX（欧洲闪电NOx）项目的事件也将进行模拟。Goddard Cumulus Ensemble （GCE）模式将被修改以允许非均匀初始条件和考虑地形。构建三维云尺度化学输运模型，由三维云模型生成的数据场驱动。CTM将包括一个平流方案、一个光化学解算器和机制、一个云扰动光解方案、一个闪电氮氧化物参数化算法和一个湿清除方案。观测到的云动力学和微物理特性将使用三维GCE模型尽可能接近地复制。模拟雷暴中微量气体的对流再分布。对于闪电NOx，将使用模型中观测到的闪光速率和位置的方法。闪电分析的目标是更好地确定每次闪电产生的NO的数量。这个项目是与Kenneth Pickering合作的，马里兰大学，学院公园，ATM-9912336。

Three-dimensional model simulations will be performed of storms during STERAO-A (Stratosphere-Troposphere Experiments: Radiation, Aerosols, and Ozone, 1996). The objectives of this field project were to examine trace gas transport, lightning production of nitrogen oxides (NOx), and photochemistry in convective storms. Events from the EULINOX (European Lightning NOx) project will also be simulated. The Goddard Cumulus Ensemble (GCE) model will be modified to allow nonuniform initial conditions and consideration of terrain. A 3-D cloud-scale chemical transport model will be constructed, to be driven by data fields generated by the 3-D cloud model. The CTM will include an advection scheme, a photochemistry solver and mechanism, a cloud-perturbed photolysis scheme, a lightning NOx parameterization algorithm, and a wet scavenging scheme. The characteristics of the observed cloud dynamics and microphysics will be replicated as closely as possible using the 3-D GCE model. Simulations will be conducted of the convective redistribution of trace gases within the thunderstorms. For lightning NOx, the approach observed flash rates and locations in the model will be used. The goal of the lightning analysis will be to better determine the amounts of NO produced per flash. This project is a collaboration with Kenneth Pickering, University of Maryland, College Park, ATM-9912336.