NIRT: Miniaturized Chemical Sensors Featuring Electrical Breakdown near Carbon Nanotube Tips

NIRT：微型化学传感器在碳纳米管尖端附近具有电击穿特性

• 批准号: 0403789
• 负责人: Nikhil Koratkar
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0403789&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NIRT; Miniaturized; Chemical; Sensors; Featuring

This NIRT proposal focuses on developing a novel carbon nanotube ionization chemical sensor for emergency rescue crews and first responders that will enable "on-site" monitoring. The proposed sensor is light-weight, compact, robust, affordable, consumes low power (battery operated) and can provide definitive identification of contaminants in real-time mode with fast response.Intellectual Merit: Our idea for sensing takes advantage of the extremely high electric fields that are generated near nanotube tips as a means of inducing ionization and electrical breakdown of the gas at low voltages. By monitoring the breakdown voltage, the gas can be identified (every gas has a characteristic breakdown behavior) and by monitoring the discharge current, the gas concentration can be determined. In this project we will perform a series of experiments with individual nanotubes as well as ensembles of tubes (electrode arrays) to gain a fundamental understanding of the basic mechanisms for ionization and breakdown of gas species and mixtures near nanotube electrodes. The experiments will be supported by density functional theory predictions for gas ionization near sharp nanotube tips. Based on the understanding gained from this study we will assemble integrated devices to detect trace amounts of analytes in mixtures and we will quantify the sensitivity, selectivity and sensor power consumption. Broader Impact: On-site chemical sensing is critical to environmental monitoring, control of chemical processes, space missions, agricultural and medical applications. Broader impact of sensing is also well recognized in light of homeland security issues. To integrate teaching and research we will introduce sensing experiments and multimedia virtual-labs into the curriculum. We will also connect to the outreach of the NSEC Center to introduce Nanotechnology to K-12 students and teachers.

该NIRT提案的重点是为紧急救援人员和第一反应人员开发一种新型的碳纳米管电离化学传感器，以实现“现场”监测。所提出的传感器是重量轻，结构紧凑，坚固耐用，负担得起的，消耗低功耗（电池供电），并可以提供明确的识别污染物的实时模式与快速responsibility.Intellectual优点：我们的想法感测利用的极高的电场，产生附近的纳米管尖端作为一种手段，诱导电离和电击穿的气体在低电压。通过监测击穿电压，可以识别气体（每种气体都具有特征击穿行为），通过监测放电电流，可以确定气体浓度。在这个项目中，我们将进行一系列的实验与个别纳米管以及合奏管（电极阵列），以获得一个基本的了解电离和分解的基本机制的气体物种和混合物附近的纳米管电极。实验将支持密度泛函理论预测附近尖锐的纳米管尖端的气体电离。基于从这项研究中获得的理解，我们将组装集成设备来检测混合物中的痕量分析物，并量化灵敏度，选择性和传感器功耗。更广泛的影响：现场化学传感对于环境监测、化学过程控制、空间任务、农业和医疗应用至关重要。在国土安全问题上，传感的更广泛影响也得到了很好的认识。为了使教学与科研相结合，我们将在课程中引入传感实验和多媒体虚拟实验室。我们还将连接到NSEC中心的推广，向K-12学生和教师介绍纳米技术。