Evolution of Animal Cultures

摘要：PIs提议使用阿贡国家实验室的同步加速器x射线成像设备研究昆虫呼吸。在之前的研究中，pi使用这种方法显示头部和胸部的气管迅速收缩和直径扩大，导致气管体积的变化，这似乎有助于呼吸。pi计划通过确定参与这些变化的肌肉/骨骼机制来扩展这些观察结果。PI还将确定气管压缩在各种昆虫目中发生的机制有多广泛。在第二项研究中，pi将通过将二氧化碳的释放与气管压缩周期相关联来研究气管压缩在呼吸中的作用。这些研究将在几个物种上进行。pi还计划研究来自同一物种的不同大小的个体，以了解生长如何影响这一过程。最后，pi将分析昆虫口器在呼吸中的作用，以确定在进食过程中呼吸与口器运动的协调性。

Summary: The PIs propose to study insect respiration using the synchrotron X-ray imaging facility at Argonne National Laboratory. In previous studies, the PIs used this approach to show that tracheae in the head and thorax rapidly contract and expand in diameter, causing a change in tracheal volume that appears to aid respiration. The PIs plan to extend these observations by determining the muscle/skeletal mechanisms involved in these changes. The PI will also determine how broadly the mechanism of tracheal compression occurs in the various insect orders. In a second study, the PIs will investigate the role of tracheal compression in respiration by correlating the release of CO2 with cycles of tracheal compression. These studies will be done on several species. The PIs also plan to study individuals of different sizes from the same species to see how growth affects this process. Finally, the PIs will analyze the role(s) of insect mouthparts in breathing to determine the coordination of respiration with motions of the mouthparts during feeding.