Collaborative Research: Fertilization in free-spawners - interaction of gamete properties and hydrodynamic regime

合作研究：自由产卵者的受精——配子特性和水动力状态的相互作用

• 批准号: 0425088
• 负责人: Philip Yund
• 金额: $ 32.8万
• 依托单位: University of New England
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-01 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0425088&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Fertilization; free; spawners

ABSTRACTThis project will explore how the viscosity and longevity of sea urchin gametes interact with different flow regimes to determine where gametes contact and the resulting level of fertilization and polyspermy. Preliminary data suggest that under a range of field conditions, fertilization in echinoids is a time-integrated process that occurs largely on the aboral surface of the female or in flow structures (eddies) immediately downstream. Consequently, fertilization and polyspermy levels may be much greater than predicted by earlier experiments and existing models that treat fertilization as a water column process. Components of these hypotheses will be tested through a series of laboratory flume experiments that will assay the time course of gamete advection, the site of fertilization, and levels of fertilization and polyspermy under a range of turbulence conditions in both uni-directional and oscillatory flow regimes. Complementary field assays will explore the flow conditions under which natural spawning occurs.The green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) is commercially harvested, and local population densities are consequently quite low along much of the Maine coast. Increased understanding of fertilization processes and temporal patterns of sperm availability will help managers evaluate the likelihood of fertilization failure in low density populations and the consequences for population dynamics. Two local sea urchin reserves will be used as study sites, so results will also help managers evaluate the reproductive potential of small, localized reserves. This project will also train students (both undergraduate and graduate) and post-docs.

本项目将探讨海胆配子的粘性和寿命如何与不同的流动状态相互作用，以确定配子接触的位置以及由此产生的受精和多精受精的水平。 初步数据表明，在一系列的现场条件下，受精在海胆是一个时间整合的过程，主要发生在女性的背口表面或流动结构（漩涡）立即下游。 因此，受精和多精受精水平可能比早期实验和现有模型预测的要高得多，这些模型将受精视为水柱过程。 这些假设的组成部分将通过一系列实验室水槽实验进行测试，将分析配子平流的时间过程，受精的网站，受精和多精受精的水平在一系列的湍流条件下，在单向和振荡流制度。 补充领域的分析将探讨自然产卵的流动条件下发生。的绿色海胆（Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis）是商业收获，因此，当地人口密度相当低沿着大部分的缅因州海岸。 对受精过程和精子可用性的时间模式的进一步了解将有助于管理者评估低密度种群受精失败的可能性以及对种群动态的影响。 两个当地的海胆保护区将被用作研究地点，因此研究结果也将有助于管理人员评估小型局部保护区的繁殖潜力。 该项目还将培训学生（本科生和研究生）和博士后。