Application of an Aerosol Model to Simulate Smoke and Marine Aerosols

该项目涉及继续维护和开发气溶胶/云模型及其在描述对流层气溶胶行为和影响方面的应用。该模型将数值模拟海盐气溶胶，海洋硫酸盐气溶胶，以及烟雾。结果将与数据进行比较，以更好地确定这些气溶胶的来源，它们对气候系统和大气化学的影响，以及对模型的要求，以充分处理它们。将进行由NCAR MATCH模型的真实的风驱动的详细区域模拟，并与几个实地活动和卫星的观测结果进行直接比较。这项工作的成果将是烟源函数，它将光学特性、光学深度和烟羽高度与火灾强度、燃料类型和气象条件联系起来，该项目还将把该模型应用于海盐气溶胶。详细的区域模拟由NCAR MATCH模型的真实的风驱动，将与观测结果进行直接比较。海盐在所有气溶胶中具有最大的质量通量，目前使用的海盐源函数差异很大。其结果应是改进源函数，更好地了解海盐的全球分布和气候重要性，此外，该项目将调查海洋硫酸盐气溶胶的起源和演变，并为调查海洋边界层中云和气溶胶的模式奠定基础。海洋硫酸盐气溶胶由于其由生物产生的气体产生，并由于其对云的影响而引起极大的兴趣。海洋云场中气溶胶演变的细节将被处理。为了充分了解云如何响应和影响气溶胶，需要开发一个完全耦合的模型。更广泛的影响：该项目将有助于研究生教育和博士后研究人员的培训。该模型将有助于更好地了解气溶胶对气候的直接影响。对海洋硫酸盐气溶胶和海盐的研究将有助于更好地了解气溶胶对云的间接影响。结果应该是用于全球气候模式的新的源函数，更好地定义光学特性，更好地理解过程和评估模型现实主义的需要。

This project involves the continued maintenance and development of an aerosol/cloud model and its application to describing the behavior and impacts of tropospheric aerosols. The model will numerically simulate sea salt aerosols, marine sulfate aerosols, as well as smoke. Results will be compared with data to better determine the sources of these aerosols, their impact on the climate system and on atmospheric chemistry, and the requirements for models to adequately treat them.The project will investigate the sources and distribution of smoke. Detailed regional simulations driven by real winds from the NCAR MATCH model will be performed and direct comparisons made with observations from several field campaigns and satellites. The product of this work will be smoke source functions that relate optical properties, optical depth, and plume height to the fire intensity, fuel type, and meteorological circumstances.The project will also apply the model to sea salt aerosols. Detailed regional simulations driven by real winds from the NCAR MATCH model will be performed making direct comparisons with observations. Sea salt has the greatest mass flux of any aerosol, and currently used sea salt source functions differ widely. The results should be improved source functions, and a better appreciation for the global distribution and climatologically importance of sea salt.In addition, the project will investigate the origins and evolution of marine sulfate aerosols and set the ground-work for a model in which both clouds and aerosols are investigated in the marine boundary layer. Marine sulfate aerosols are of great interest due to their production from biologically generated gases, and due to their influence on clouds. The details of the aerosol evolution in marine cloud fields will be treated. In order to fully understand how clouds respond to and influence aerosols, a fully coupled model needs to be developed. Broader impacts: This project will contribute to graduate education and the training of postdoctoral researchers. The modeling will contribute to on-going efforts to better understand the direct effects of aerosols on climate. The study of marine sulfate aerosols and of sea salt will help better understand the indirect effect of aerosols on clouds. The results should be new source functions for use in global climate models, better definitions of optical properties, improved understand of processes and evaluations of the needs for model realism.