Metathesis Routes to Ultra-Incompressible Borides, High Surface Area Nitrides and Intermetallics

固态复分解(交换)反应可以快速合成用传统方法难以制备的材料。该项目将探索高比表面积氮化钛、超不可压缩过渡金属二硼化物和结构金属间化合物的新途径。由于分解反应由于在熔盐基质中生长而在几秒钟内产生结晶物质，因此可以通过适当的添加剂来控制微晶尺寸和表面积。为了验证这一假设，将合成一种用于超级电容器电极的耐火陶瓷--氮化钛。一种新的超不可压缩的硬材料将通过将高电子密度的金属(如Os)与小的共价键合的主族元素(如B)结合在一起而被创造出来。将开发遗传算法，使复分解反应在运行最少数量的反应的同时得到优化。研究生将通过化学系内部以及与材料科学、机械工程和工业合作伙伴的合作，学习物理性质的合成、表征和测量。本科生，包括那些来自代表不足的群体的学生，将帮助研究生进行研究，从而增强未来材料化学研究生的人才库。一门名为《这是一个物质世界》的新课程正在开发中，它将使理科和非理科专业的学生都能更好地理解材料在现实世界中的重要性。然后，为这门课程开发的课程将被重新配置，并用于覆盖从小学生到校友的更广泛的受众。现代世界的基础是开发新的和改进的材料，如用于运行计算机的掺杂硅和用于凿开岩石修路的人造钻石。固态复分解(交换)反应可以快速合成用传统方法难以制备的材料。由于分解反应在几秒钟内就会产生结晶物质，由于在熔盐基质中生长，因此可以通过适当的添加剂来控制晶体颗粒的大小和表面积。氮化钛是一种导电高温陶瓷，用于快速充电和放电能量存储设备的电极，被称为超级电容器，它将被合成来验证这一假设。一种新的超不可压缩的坚硬材料将通过将高密度金属(如Os)与小主族元素(如硼)相结合而被创造出来。被称为遗传算法的计算机代码将被开发出来，使化合反应在运行最少数量的反应的同时得到优化。研究生将通过化学系内部以及与材料科学、机械工程和工业合作伙伴的合作，学习物理性质的合成、表征和测量。本科生，包括那些来自代表不足的群体的学生，将帮助研究生进行研究，从而增强未来材料化学研究生的人才库。

Solid-state metathesis (exchange) reactions can enable the rapid synthesis of materials that are difficult to prepare by conventional methods. This project will explore new routes to high surface area titanium nitride, ultra-incompressible transition metal diborides and structural intermetallics. Since metathesis reactions produce crystalline materials within seconds due to growth in a molten salt matrix, crystallite size and surface area can be controlled with appropriate additives. Titanium nitride, an electrically conductive refractory ceramic used in electrodes for super-capacitors, will be synthesized to test this hypothesis. A new class of ultra-incompressible, hard materials will be created by combining high electron density metals, such as osmium, with small covalently bonded main group elements such as boron. Genetic algorithms will be developed that enable metathesis reactions to be optimized while running a minimum number of reactions. Graduate students will learn synthesis, characterization and measuring of physical properties through collaborations both within the chemistry department and with materials science, mechanical engineering and industrial partners. Undergraduates, including those from under-represented groups, will assist the graduate students in research, thereby enhancing the future graduate student pool in materials chemistry. A new course is being developed entitled "It's a Material World" that will enable both science and non-science majors to gain a better understanding of the importance of materials in the real world. The curriculum developed for this course will then be reconfigured and used to reach a broader audience from grade school children through alumni.The modern world is based on developing new and improved materials such as doped silicon to run computers and synthetic diamond for cutting through rock to build roads. Solid-state metathesis (exchange) reactions can enable the rapid synthesis of materials that are difficult to prepare by conventional methods. Since metathesis reactions produce crystalline materials within seconds, due to growth in a molten salt matrix, the size of the crystal grains and their surface area can be controlled with appropriate additives. Titanium nitride, which is an electrically conductive high temperature ceramic used in electrodes for rapidly chargeable and dischargeable energy storage devices known as super-capacitors, will be synthesized to test this hypothesis. A new class of ultra-incompressible, hard materials will be created by combining high density metals, such as osmium, with small main group elements such as boron. Computer codes, known as genetic algorithms, will be developed that enable metathesis reactions to be optimized while running a minimum number of reactions. Graduate students will learn synthesis, characterization and measuring of physical properties through collaborations both within the chemistry department and with materials science, mechanical engineering and industrial partners. Undergraduates, including those from under-represented groups, will assist the graduate students in research, thereby enhancing the future graduate student pool in materials chemistry.