Ship-Board Atmospheric Sounding over the Kuroshio Extension: A Supplement to CLIVAR KESS

黑潮延伸区的船上大气探测：CLIVAR KESS 的补充

• 批准号: 0454390
• 负责人: Shang-Ping Xie
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-04-01 至 2009-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0454390&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ship; Board; Atmospheric; Sounding; over

The Kuroshio Extension (KE) is a region where the deep winter mixed layer allows locally and remotely forced subsurface variability to affect sea surface temperature (SST) on decadal and longer timescales. The Kuroshio Extension System Study (KESS) is a field experiment to "study the dynamic and thermodynamic processes governing the variability of, and the interaction between, the Kuroshio Extension and the recirculation gyre". While recent studies suggest that SST fronts in the KE region affect surface wind, cloud, atmospheric baroclinicity and storm track, few in-situ observations exist in this region that are necessary to test hypotheses regarding these ocean-atmospheric influences.The PIs will launch Global Positioning System sondes on the KESS cruises planned for May/June 2005 and 2006, acquiring vertical profiles of temperature, humidity, pressure and wind velocity. These observations, together with already funded KESS oceanographic component, will yield joint ocean-atmospheric transects of temperature and flow velocity from 1 km below the sea surface to 20 km above. Analysis of these field measurements combined with satellite observations will offer new insights into:(i) atmospheric boundary-layer adjustment to sharp SST fronts;(ii) the formation and variations of fog and stratus cloud deck north of the KE; and,(iii) ocean's role in maintaining the atmospheric storm track. The research expands the scope of KESS by adding atmospheric sounding that allows the study of KE's effect on regional climate. Shipboard GPS-sonde observations require little additional ship time, and the logistics and feasibility have been established in cruise surveys the PI and his collaborators successfully conducted over the region in the 2003-04 winter. The observations and analysis will improve our understanding of KE's influence on and interaction with the atmosphere. Broader impacts. The Meiyu-Baiu front is the most important climate phenomenon for East Asia. This research offers a better description and understanding of the ocean's role in formation and variations of this phenomenon, thereby helping enhance society's ability to plan and respond to its weather and climate. The resultant observational data, will be disseminated to the community via the KESS project website and the University of Hawaii (UH) Asian-Pacific Data Research Center's data servers. The research fosters interdisciplinary and international collaborations between oceanographers and meteorologists, and between US and Japanese scientists.

黑潮延伸(KE)是一个深冬混合层允许局部和远程强迫的次表层变率在十年和更长的时间尺度上影响海表面温度(SST)的区域。黑潮延伸系统研究(KESS)是一项现场实验，旨在研究控制黑潮延伸和环流涡旋的变化及其相互作用的动力和热力学过程。虽然最近的研究表明，KE地区的海温锋影响地面风、云、大气斜压性和风暴路径，但该地区几乎没有现场观测数据来检验有关这些海洋-大气影响的假设。PIS将在计划于2005年5月/6月和2006年5月/6月和2006年在KESS邮轮上发射全球定位系统探测仪，获取温度、湿度、气压和风速的垂直剖面。这些观测，加上已经资助的KESS海洋学部分，将产生从海面以下1公里到海面以上20公里的海洋-大气联合断面的温度和流速。结合卫星观测对这些现场测量结果的分析将为以下方面提供新的见解：(1)大气边界层对急剧海温锋面的调整；(2)KE以北雾和层云层的形成和变化；以及(3)海洋在维持大气风暴路径方面的作用。这项研究扩展了KESS的范围，增加了大气探测，允许研究KE对区域气候的影响。船上的GPS-探测仪观测只需要很少的额外船只时间，并且在2003-04年冬季，PI和他的合作者在该地区成功进行的巡航调查中已经确定了后勤和可行性。这些观测和分析将提高我们对KE对大气的影响和与大气的相互作用的理解。更广泛的影响。梅雨-白云锋面是东亚最重要的气候现象。这项研究对海洋在这一现象的形成和变化中的作用提供了更好的描述和理解，从而有助于提高社会规划和应对天气和气候的能力。由此产生的观测数据将通过KESS项目网站和夏威夷大学亚太数据研究中心的数据服务器向社区传播。这项研究促进了海洋学家和气象学家以及美国和日本科学家之间的跨学科和国际合作。