Mechanisms and Effects of Tropical Indian Ocean Variability

对于印度洋和太平洋海盆之间的相互作用，出现了一个新的概念：厄尔尼诺遥相关导致热带印度洋(TIO)变暖，而TIO变暖就像一个放电电容器，在厄尔尼诺衰变后对气候产生影响。到目前为止，对电容效应的研究往往是诊断性的，需要有针对性的模式实验才能取得进一步的进展。本项目将研究TiO对厄尔尼诺/南方涛动(ENSO)响应的海洋-大气过程和机制，特别是这种响应在ENSO事件衰减期间和之后的长期持续性和气候效应；并探索TiO平均状态和变率的年代际变化并确定其原因。一个最新的耦合环流模式将被用来进行关于海洋Rossby波在维持从TiO到西北太平洋的大气Kelvin波变暖和潮湿遥相关中的作用的实验和检验假说。在TIO变暖的遥相关效应中，包括副热带西北太平洋(包括美国附属的北马里亚纳群岛和关岛)降水减少，以及从中国东部到日本的异常活跃的梅雨-白乌雨季。这项拟议的研究代表了对二氧化钛在气候中的作用的系统调查，并将对二氧化钛的可变性和变化的机制产生新的见解。该项目的成功完成有可能提高对气候多变性和气候变化的理解和预测，从而使热带气旋和西北太平洋及其周边的国家/社区受益。对研究生和博士后进行培训和支持。

A new concept of the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) capacitor effect is emerging for interactions between the Indian and Pacific basins: El Nino teleconnection causes the TIO to warm, and the TIO warming persists and like a discharging capacitor, exerts climatic influences after El Nino decays. Studies of the capacitor effect so far tend to be diagnostic, and targeted model experiments are necessary to make further progress.This project will study ocean-atmospheric processes and mechanisms for the TIO response to El Nino/the Southern Oscillation (ENSO), especially the long persistence and climatic effects of this response during and after the decay of an ENSO event; and to explore interdecadal changes in TIO mean state and variability and determine their cause. A state-of-the-art coupled general circulation model will be used to conduct experiments and test hypotheses regarding the role of ocean Rossby waves in sustaining the TIO warming and moist teleconnection from the TIO to the Northwest Pacific via atmospheric Kelvin wave. Among teleconnective effects of the TIO warming are reduced precipitation over the subtropical Northwest Pacific (including the U.S. affiliated Northern Mariana Islands and Guam), and an anomalously active Meiyu-Baiu rainy season from eastern China to Japan. The proposed research represents a systematic investigation into the TIO's role in climate and will yield new insights into the mechanisms for TIO variability and changes. The successful completion of this project has the potential in improving understanding and prediction of climate variability and change, which benefits countries/communities within and rimming the TIO and Northwest Pacific. Graduate students and postdoctoral will be trained and supported.