DDI: Culture contact and social change on the 'savage' frontiers of the Han State: Exploration of a Bronze Age society in the Qujing Plain of Yunnan, China

在Carla Sinopoli博士的指导下，Alice Yao女士将为她的博士论文收集数据。她将分析在考古发掘过程中发现的埋葬物品，这些物品位于中国云南省曲靖地区的三个汉代墓地。这些墓地的年代从青铜时代到铁器时代（c。公元前700年至公元100年），该项目有三个直接目标。首先是记录三个墓地的埋葬习俗。这包括尽可能以最高分辨率重建每个坟墓的空间和地层关联，以确定墓葬的共时和历时组织。其次，姚女士希望确定每个墓地和埋葬阶段所代表的社会角色和地位的范围以及这些文化行为的物质相关性。最后也是最重要的目标是考察曲靖地区在几个时期内发生的地方和区域范围内的社会角色和文化表现的变化的种类和程度，并确定具体的因素和潜在的社会过程。汉族代表了中国文明的早期阶段，并扩大到影响和融合了边远地区，在中国历史文献中被认为是“野蛮人”。传统的假设是，在这种接触的情况下，更发达的文化“占主导地位”，更外围的合作伙伴变得文化同化的主导模式。然而，最近的人类学研究表明，情况要复杂得多，这两个群体中实力较弱的群体往往有足够的能力接受、拒绝或修改特定的文化影响。汉曲靖互动提供了一个很好的机会来考察这种关系，并寻求所涉及的潜在过程。该奖项不仅将增加人类学知识，而且还有助于培养有前途的年轻科学家。

Under the direction of Dr. Carla Sinopoli Ms Alice Yao will collect data for her doctoral dissertation. She will analyze burial objects recovered during archaeological excavations at three cemeteries which date to the Han period and are located in the Qujing region of Yunnan province, China. The cemeteries date from the Bronze to the Iron Age (c. 700 BC to c AD 100) and the project has three immediate goals. The first is to document the burial customs in the three cemeteries. This includes reconstructing to the highest resolution possible the spatial and stratigraphic associations of each grave to identify the synchronic and diachronic organization of the burials. Secondly, Ms. Yao wishes to determine the range of social roles and statuses represented in each cemetery and burial phase and the material correlates of these cultural behaviors. The final and most important goal is to examine the kinds and extent of changes in social roles and cultural representation that occurred on both local and regional scales in the Qujing area over several periods and determine the specific factors and underlying social processes responsible.The Han represents an early stage of Chinese civilization and expanded to influence and incorporate outlying regions which, in Chinese historical texts are considered "barbarian." The conventional assumption is that in such contact situations, the more developed culture "dominates" and the more peripheral partner becomes acculturated to the dominant mode. However recent anthropological research indicates that the situation is considerably more complex and the less powerful of the two groups most often retain sufficient ability to adopt, reject or modify specific cultural influences. The Han - Qujing interaction provides an excellent opportunity to examine such relationships and to seek the underlying processes involved. This award will not only add to anthropological knowledge but also assist in training a promising young scientist.