Ceramic Production, Communities of Practice, and Identity: An Examination of Culture Contact in Spanish California

在Judith Habicht-Mauche博士的监督下，Sarah Ginn将分析使命时期（1769-1834）从加州生产的当地陶瓷。 殖民地时期的加州是西班牙人、克里奥罗人、混血儿、穆拉图人、墨西哥印第安人和下加利福尼亚印第安人与加州非常多样化的土著民族交往的地方。 先前的研究认为，加州的土著人民要么是适应了西班牙的生活方式，要么是通过对土著文化的静态维护来抵制西班牙的生活方式。 这些模型假设文化接触只发生在欧洲和土著民族的同质群体之间，并排除了对其他类型文化接触的讨论，如加州印第安人和墨西哥印第安人定居者之间的文化接触。 这项研究将考古测试的假设，即土著身份在殖民地加州是异质性和结构的方式，它横切的西班牙和Nativ的边界，而不是仅仅由一个本地的接受或抵抗西班牙文化。当地生产的陶瓷提供了一个独特的窗口，通过它可以将不同民族的表达作为一个互动过程进行讨论。 传教士陶器是一种实用的陶器生产在这个边境地区在加州使命时期。 参与加州殖民生活的所有演员都有一套无意识的、公开的文化规则，涉及到如何在风格上生产容器，无论是罐子还是篮子。 这些多样的技术风格影响了加州传教士用品的生产，其方式具有社会意义。 据推测，正式的，模式化的变化存在于殖民地加州的人使Missionware的方式。 参与不同社会群体实践的行为者创造了这种模式。 本研究将探讨这些社区的方式产生，复制，并横切殖民地加州的土著人民和殖民者的多民族传统。这些数据将有助于了解这些行为者如何构建与这些实践社区的关系，这一项目的知识价值超出了这一单一区域的界限。 从佛罗里达到秘鲁，大多数新大陆文化接触点都发现了未经加工的陶器。 本研究的目的是向不同的研究人员介绍一种创造性的方法，这些研究人员在文化接触的地点遇到了这种无处不在的陶瓷器。 这项研究在现代土著社区内具有更广泛的影响。 它有可能重建历史上加州群体之间的复杂互动，并为民族起源和群体认同等问题提供信息。 该项目的成果将通过在各种科学学会上的介绍传达给科学界，并提交同行评审的人类学期刊发表。 此外，来自加州大学圣克鲁斯分校的初级PI和本科生助理将接受陶瓷分析方法的培训。

Under the supervision of Dr. Judith Habicht-Mauche, Sarah Ginn will analyze locally produced ceramics from California manufactured during the Mission Period (1769-1834). Colonial California was a place where Spaniards, criollos, mestizos, mullatos, Mexican Indians, and Baja California Indians interacted with California's very diverse group of indigenous peoples. Previous studies have argued that California's indigenous peoples were either acculturated into Spanish life ways or resisted Spanish life ways through the static maintenance of indigenous culture. These models assume culture contact occurred exclusively between homogeneous groups of European and Indigenous peoples and exclude discussion of other sorts of culture contacts such as those among California Indians and Mexican Indian settlers. This research will archaeologically test the hypothesis that indigenous identity in colonial California was heterogeneous and structured more by the ways in which it cross-cut boundaries of Spanis and Nativ rather than solely by a Native acceptance of or resistance to Spanis culture. Locally produced ceramics offer a unique window through which the articulation of ethnically diverse peoples can be discussed as a process of interaction. Missionware pottery is a utilitarian earthenware produced in this frontier region during the California Mission Period. All actors participating in California colonial life had unconscious and overt cultural rules concerning how vessels, be they pots or baskets, were to be stylistically produced. These multiple technological styles influenced the production of Missionwares in California in ways that have social significance. It is hypothesized that formal, patterned variations exist in the way in which people of colonial California made Missionwares. Actors participating in the practices of different social communities create such patterning. This research will examine the ways these communities produced, reproduced, and cross-cut the multiethnic traditions of colonial California's native peoples and colonists. Such data will be useful in understanding how these actors constructed identities in relationship to those communities of practice.The intellectual merit of this project extends beyond the boundaries of this single region. Unrefined earthenwares are uncovered at most New World sites of culture contact from Florida to Peru. It is the goal of this research to introduce a creative methodology to the diverse group of researchers who encounter this ubiquitous ceramic ware across sites of culture contact. This research has broader impacts within modern indigenous communities. It has the potential to reconstruct complex interactions among historic California groups and inform on issues such as ethnogenesis and group identity. Results of this project will be communicated to the scientific community through presentations at various scientific societies and submitted for publication in peer-reviewed anthropological journals. Furthermore, both the junior PI as well as undergraduate assistants from UC Santa Cruz will receive training in methods of ceramic analysis.