Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Social Production of Authority at the Iron Age Community of Diouboye, Eastern Senegal

博士论文改进补助金：塞内加尔东部迪乌博耶铁器时代社区权威的社会生产

• 批准号: 1038733
• 负责人: Carla Sinopoli
• 金额: $ 1.19万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-15 至 2011-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1038733&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Social

Under the supervision of Dr. Carla M. Sinopoli, Cameron Gokee will analyze archaeological evidence from his 2008-2009 excavations at Diouboye, a middle Iron Age (ca. AD 500-1000) village site located on the Falémé River in eastern Senegal. As the largest settlement in a landscape of smaller hamlets and activity areas, the site of Diouboye included over a dozen discrete areas of architectural remains and artifacts, each representing long-term occupation by one or more household compounds. Surface collections across the entire site and excavations at six occupation areas, and two possible craft production workshops, produced a considerable array of archaeological evidence including the foundations of domestic huts and granaries, hearths, broken pottery for cooking and storage, stone tools for procuring and processing food, animal and plant remains from daily meals and ritual sacrifice, iron and copper tools and ornaments, and rare glass beads and cowry shells from long-distance trade. By focusing on Diouboye, this research will ultimately contribute to the study of power and authority in societies at all scales by exploring how households, as basic comparative social units, negotiate relations of power through control over the material and social resources at their disposal. Gokee's preliminary analysis of the architecture, pottery, and other craft items suggests that people living in one or two occupation areas at the site partly controlled the production of crafts (metal, pottery, textiles), and possibly trade. Using the remaining archaeological data (animal bones, charred plant remains, and stone tools/debris) to compare patterns of resource production and consumption between excavated compounds, Gokee will determine how households in the village negotiated control over local sources of power such as cultivable land, livestock, communal labor, and ritual knowledge. Furthermore, radiocarbon dates from the long-term sequence of occupation within each household will permit an interpretation of how these relations of power changed, or stayed the same, over several centuries. Beyond providing new insights into prehistoric village life in West Africa and addressing questions of social scientific import, this project has several broader impacts. First, the study will form the basis for Gokee's doctoral dissertation; subsequent publications in both English and French will cultivate academic collaborations among archaeologists, anthropologists, and historians in West Africa and North America. This dissemination of the research findings through conference papers and publications will further highlight the value of an anthropological approach to archaeological inquiry in West Africa. Second, the identification of faunal remains will create an invaluable reference collection for further archaeozoological research by archaeologists from Senegal and abroad. Third, this project contributes to a growing emphasis on community engagement, cultural heritage, and resource management in an under-researched area of eastern Senegal through collaboration with several institutions - including the French NGO Tétraktys, the Senegalese Conseil Régional de Tambacounda, and local village communities -to develop strategies for natural and cultural conservation in the central Falémé region.

在Carla M博士的监督下。卡梅隆戈基将分析他2008-2009年在铁器时代中期（约1000年）迪欧博耶发掘的考古证据。公元500-1000年），位于塞内加尔东部的法勒梅河上。 作为小村庄和活动区景观中最大的定居点，迪乌博耶遗址包括十几个分散的建筑遗迹和文物区，每个都代表一个或多个家庭大院的长期占用。 整个遗址的地表采集和六个占领区的挖掘，以及两个可能的工艺生产车间，产生了大量的考古证据，包括家庭小屋和粮仓的基础，壁炉，用于烹饪和储存的破碎陶器，用于采购和加工食物的石器，日常膳食和祭祀的动物和植物遗骸，铁和铜工具和装饰品，以及来自长途贸易的稀有玻璃珠和贝壳。 通过关注迪乌博耶，这项研究将最终有助于研究权力和权威的社会在所有规模的探索家庭，作为基本的比较社会单位，谈判权力关系，通过控制的物质和社会资源在他们的处置。 戈基对建筑、陶器和其他工艺品的初步分析表明，生活在遗址一两个占领区的人部分控制了工艺品（金属、陶器、纺织品）的生产，可能还有贸易。 使用剩余的考古数据（动物骨骼，烧焦的植物遗骸和石器/碎片）来比较挖掘出的化合物之间的资源生产和消费模式，Gokee将确定村里的家庭如何谈判控制当地的权力来源，如耕地，牲畜，公共劳动和仪式知识。 此外，放射性碳年代测定法可以从每个家庭的长期居住顺序中，解释几个世纪以来这些权力关系是如何变化的，或者保持不变。 除了提供对西非史前村庄生活的新见解和解决社会科学重要性问题外，该项目还有几个更广泛的影响。 首先，这项研究将成为Gokee博士论文的基础;随后的英文和法文出版物将培养西非和北美考古学家、人类学家和历史学家之间的学术合作。 通过会议文件和出版物传播研究成果将进一步突出人类学方法对西非考古调查的价值。 第二，动物群遗骸的鉴定将为塞内加尔和国外的考古学家进一步进行考古动物学研究提供宝贵的参考资料。第三，该项目通过与法国非政府组织Tétraktys、塞内加尔坦巴昆达区域委员会和当地村庄社区等若干机构合作，为制定法莱梅中部地区自然和文化保护战略，在塞内加尔东部一个研究不足的地区促进日益重视社区参与、文化遗产和资源管理。