Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Mumun Households and the Rise of Inequality in Korea

在Carla Sinopoli博士的指导下，Ji Rachel Lee将研究Mumun时期(1780-350卡)初期受影响的家庭。公元前三年)韩国。过去20年的抢救发掘已经发现了韩国最早的一些村庄，但人们对韩国社会政治复杂性的发展才刚刚开始了解。穆蒙时期发生了重大变化，包括转向集约农业，手工业生产的增加，以及更精细的墓葬，这使得学者们得出结论，社会不平等在穆蒙中期(850-540卡)已经发展起来。公元前三年)。阁楼也发生了变化，即从长方形房屋过渡到小型圆形房屋，标志着家庭组织的转变。然而，在这一重要的社会政治发展时期，没有对木门家庭的解释框架。韩国中南部的南河河谷是研究这些问题的理想之地，那里有最大的定居点大坪，有300多座木门阁楼。通过挖掘、土壤分析和空间分析，该项目将通过三个分析领域：家庭形态、家庭活动和家庭意识形态，评估早期排名是否引发了大坪和两个较小聚落-平地洞和长田洞-家庭之间的变化或促进了家庭之间的延续。这项研究将提供一个独特的视角，通过最持久的社会形态之一--家庭--来研究社会不平等是如何发展的。除了填补东亚人类学和考古学记录中的数据空白之外，该项目还将通过记录多个时间和空间尺度上的不平等过程来贡献原创研究。将考察近1000年穆蒙时期占领期间的家庭变化和连续性。除了这个时间轴，我还将研究来自精英和非精英背景的家庭的初始排名是如何影响的。因此，该项目将提供关于家庭演变的多个视角--(1)等级出现之前，(2)等级出现之后，(3)精英背景，(4)非精英背景，(5)大村庄聚落，和(6)小村庄聚落。通过与韩国文化资源管理公司的研究伙伴关系，该项目将为韩国考古学家提供微观形态和微制品分析方面的培训，提供即使在快节奏的抢救考古背景下也可以获得详细家庭数据的方法。该项目还将有助于对韩国考古学家进行地理信息系统(GIS)方面的培训，帮助促进以更快、更有效的方式存储和管理数据。最后，来自300多座阁楼的住户数据将被组织在地理信息系统中，并与对木蒙时期住户研究感兴趣的韩国考古学家共享。

Under the direction of Dr. Carla Sinopoli, Ji Rachel Lee will examine how incipient rank affected households in Mumun Period (1780-350 cal. B.C.) Korea. Salvage excavations in the last 20 years have uncovered some of Korea's earliest villages, but the development of sociopolitical complexity in Korea is just beginning to be understood. Significant changes occurred during the Mumun Period, including a shift to intensive agriculture, an increase in craft production, and more elaborate burials, leading scholars to conclude that social inequality had developed by the Middle Mumun Period (850-540 cal. B.C.). Changes in pithouses also occurred, namely the transition from long, rectangular houses to small, rounded houses, signaling a shift in household organization. However, no explanatory framework exists for Mumun households during this period of important sociopolitical developments. The Nam River Valley in south-central Korea is ideal for examining these issues, with the largest settlement, Daepyeong, yielding more than 300 Mumun pithouses. Through excavations, soil analysis, and spatial analysis, this project will evaluate whether incipient ranking initiated change or promoted continuity among households at Daepyeong and two smaller settlements - Pyeonggeo-dong and Chojeon-dong via three analytical spheres: household morphology, household activity, and household ideology. The research will provide a unique look at how social inequality develops through the lens of one of the most enduring social formations -the household. Beyond just closing a data gap in the East Asian anthropological and archaeological record, this project will contribute research that is original by documenting the process of becoming unequal at multiple temporal and spatial scales. Household change and continuity through almost 1,000 years of Mumun Period occupation will be examined. Added to this temporal axis, I will also examine how incipient rank affected households from both elite and non-elite contexts. This project will thus provide multiple perspectives on household evolution - (1) before the emergence of rank, (2) after the emergence of rank, (3) elite contexts, (4) non-elite contexts, (5) large village settlement, and (6) small village settlement. Through research partnerships with Korean cultural resource management companies, this project will provide training to Korean archaeologists in micromorphology and micro-artifact analysis, offering ways in which detailed household data can be obtained even within the context of fast-paced salvage archaeology. This project will also be instrumental in training Korean archaeologists in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), helping to facilitate a faster and more efficient way data can be stored and managed. Finally, household data from more than 300 pithouses will be organized in a GIS and shared with Korean archaeologists who are interested in Mumun Period household research.