Molecular analysis of cuticle biosynthesis and deposition in developing sweet cherry fruit

甜樱桃果实角质层生物合成和沉积的分子分析

• 批准号: 174363743
• 负责人: Dr. Merianne Alkio
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Gartenbauliche Produktionssysteme
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/174363743?language=en
• 关键词: Molecular; analysis; cuticle; biosynthesis; deposition

Rain-induced fruit cracking is a serious problem in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) production worldwide. A major factor predisposing fruit to cracking is the formation of microscopic fractures (microcracks) in the outermost layer of the fruit skin, the cuticular membrane (CM). Microcracks result from elastic and plastic strain of the CM, which in turn is caused by inadequate CM deposition during the phase of rapid fruit growth. While the role of microcracks in fruit cracking is well established, nothing is known about the molecular biology of CM biosynthesis and deposition in sweet cherry fruit. This project investigates the molecular genetics of CM formation in sweet cherry. The aim is to understand, why new CM material is only delivered during early fruit development but not later on. In detail, we will 1) analyse CM deposition in developing fruits, 2) identify genes that contribute to CM formation in sweet cherry fruits, 3) identify CM-related genes that are expressed at high levels early in fruit development and at low levels in maturing fruits, and 4) investigate the biological functions of CM-related genes. The data obtained are relevant for both the basic research of plant CM biology, and for fruit crop breeding and production. Furthermore, they will be useful in studying surface disorders in other fruit crops including cracking of grape berry or russeting in apple and other species.

雨水引起的裂果是全球甜樱桃 (Prunus avium L.) 生产中的一个严重问题。导致水果开裂的一个主要因素是果皮最外层角质膜（CM）形成微观裂缝（微裂纹）。微裂纹是由CM的弹性和塑性应变引起的，而CM的弹性和塑性应变又是由于果实快速生长阶段CM沉积不足引起的。虽然微裂纹在果实开裂中的作用已得到充分证实，但对于甜樱桃果实中 CM 生物合成和沉积的分子生物学却一无所知。该项目研究甜樱桃 CM 形成的分子遗传学。目的是了解为什么新的 CM 材料仅在果实发育早期而不是后期提供。具体来说，我们将1）分析发育中果实中的CM沉积，2）鉴定有助于甜樱桃果实中CM形成的基因，3）鉴定在果实发育早期高水平表达和成熟果实中低水平表达的CM相关基因，以及4）研究CM相关基因的生物学功能。获得的数据既可用于植物CM生物学的基础研究，也可用于水果作物育种和生产。此外，它们还可用于研究其他水果作物的表面病害，包括葡萄浆果的开裂或苹果和其他物种的赤褐色。