NIRT: Design and Realization of Decoherence-Free Nanoscale Superconducting Qubits

NIRT：无退相干纳米级超导量子位的设计与实现

• 批准号: 0608842
• 负责人: Michael Gershenson
• 金额: $ 120万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0608842&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NIRT; Design; Realization; Decoherence; Free

This NIRT proposal focuses on the design, fabrication and characterization of a fundamentally new class of fault-tolerant logical elements of a quantum computer (a.k.a. qubits). For successful implementation of quantum computing, qubits should be sufficiently decoupled (protected) from the environment so that quantum error-correction protocols can be implemented. The proposed novel approach to this challenging problem is based on incorporating error correction at the hardware level, using nontrivial symmetries and engineering the interactions between superconducting elements (nanoscale Josephson junctions) of a logical qubit. Intellectual Merit: The proposed systematic effort is based on a continuous feedback loop between theory and experiment. The ultimate goal of the project is to develop the first solid-state logical element for quantum computation that would be simultaneously scalable and adequately protected from environmental noise. Development of fabrication-friendly designs for protected superconducting qubits, and the subsequent construction and characterization of these novel nanodevices will be crucial for the successful realization of quantum computation. The proposed experiments will provide a testing ground for the physical realization of ideas of symmetry-based protection developed in field theory, with the aim of applying them to computer science. Implementation of the proposed research will contribute to better understanding of noise reduction in numerous quantum nanodevices operating at low temperatures. Broader Impacts: The multi-component Educational and Outreach Program, an essential part of the project, is designed to nurture a broad-based appreciation for nanoscience, to develop innovative curriculum and training modules on nanostructure-related topics, and to disseminate the resulting curricula with a view of creating a more scientifically literate general public.

这个NIRT提案的重点是设计、制造和表征量子计算机（又名量子比特）的一种全新的容错逻辑元素。为了成功实现量子计算，量子比特应该与环境充分解耦（保护），以便量子纠错协议可以实现。对于这个具有挑战性的问题，提出的新方法是基于在硬件层面结合纠错，使用非平凡的对称性和设计逻辑量子比特的超导元素（纳米级约瑟夫森结）之间的相互作用。智力价值：提出的系统努力是基于理论和实验之间的持续反馈循环。该项目的最终目标是开发第一个用于量子计算的固态逻辑元件，该元件将同时具有可扩展性并充分保护免受环境噪声的影响。保护超导量子比特的制造友好型设计的发展，以及这些新型纳米器件的后续构建和表征将对量子计算的成功实现至关重要。提出的实验将为在场论中发展的基于对称性的保护思想的物理实现提供一个试验场，目的是将它们应用于计算机科学。该研究的实施将有助于更好地理解在低温下运行的众多量子纳米器件的降噪问题。更广泛的影响：多组件教育和推广计划是该项目的重要组成部分，旨在培养对纳米科学的广泛欣赏，开发纳米结构相关主题的创新课程和培训模块，并传播由此产生的课程，以培养更具科学素养的公众。