Research Project in Algebraic Geometry and String Theory

最近在异质弦理论中产生粒子物理标准模型的突破，完美地说明了代数几何为物理学服务的力量。利用构造非单连通的Calabi-Yau三倍和它们上满足各种约束的束的技术，PI和一个合作者最近构造了唯一已知的异态弦紧化的例子，它产生了最小超对称标准模型（MSSM）的粒子和力谱，没有多余的奇异物质。这打开了许多与调查高乡村地区的景观弦真空相关的问题。这些问题在代数几何和弦现象学中都引起了极大的兴趣。本提案中使用代数几何技术研究的其他物理问题包括探索异质性弦和f理论之间的对偶性，以及大N对偶性。纯几何问题包括谱结构和傅里叶-穆凯变换的几种扩展到gerbes和非交换以及相关的情况，这些扩展将有许多应用。这些结果证明了具有任意结构群的Hitchin系统的langlandsutal性，并包括了关于Calabi-Yaus的模、它们的退化和由它们产生的可积系统的几个问题。弦理论是统一场论的主要候选物理理论，它结合了广义相对论和量子场论。代数几何是对由代数方程定义的空间的数学研究。它为弦理论和许多其他领域的应用提供了一个非常通用和强大的工具。这个提议的主要目的是利用代数几何的技术来推导粒子物理的标准模型，作为弦理论的一个具体实例。

The recent breakthrough in producing the Standard Model of particlephysics within heterotic string theory is a perfect illustration of thepower of algebraic geometry at the service of physics. Using techniquesfor construction of non simply connected Calabi-Yau threefolds and ofbundles on them satisfying various constraints on their chern classes andcohomology, the PI and a collaborator have recently constructed the onlyknown example of a heterotic string compactification which producesexactly the Minimal Suppersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) spectrum ofparticles and forces, with no unwanted exotic matter. This opens upnumerous questions related to investigation of the High Country region ofthe Landscape of string vacua. These problems are of great interest inboth algebraic geometry and string phenomenology. Other physics questionsinvestigated in this proposal using techniques of algebraic geometryinclude exploration of the duality between the heterotic string andF-theory, and the Large N Duality. The purely geometric issues includeseveral extensions of the spectral construction and Fourier- Mukaitransforms to gerbes and non-commutative and related situations where suchextensions would have many applications. These yield a proof of Langlandsduality for Hitchin systems with arbitrary structure groups, and includeseveral problems about the moduli of Calabi-Yaus, their degenerations, andthe integrable systems arising from them.String theory is the leading physical candidate for a unified fieldtheory, incorporating both general relativity and quantum field theory.Algebraic geometry is the mathematical investigation of spaces defined byalgebraic equations. It provides an extermely versatile and powerful toolfor applications to string theory and to many other areas. The main thrustof this proposal is the use of techniques from algebraic geometry toderive the Standard Model of particle physics as a concrete instance ofstring theory.