Paarungsvorteil für ältere Männchen: Sexueller Konflikt oder Kooperation?

年长雄性的交配优势：性冲突还是合作？

• 批准号: 178444207
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Klaus Fischer, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Biologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/178444207?language=en
• 关键词: Paarungsvorteil; ltere; nnchen; Sexueller; Konflikt

Accumulating evidence suggests that sexual conflict is all pervasive, with selection acting on individuals to maximise their own genetic reward, regardless of the potential fitness consequences for their sexual partners. In the butterfly Bicyclus anynana, older males have a much higher mating success than younger ones, despite a clearly poorer condition. The reasons underlying this unique pattern are unclear. Against this background I will use an integrated approach, ranging from behavioural and chemical ecology through to molecular genetics, to answer the following questions: (1) Is the old male mating advantage proximately caused by a more aggressive courtship behaviour of older males (based on a low residual reproductive value) or by female preference based on age-specific variation in pheromone blends (with old age indicating high fitness)? (2) Do females gain a fitness benefit from mating with older males or do they discriminate against these through post-copulatory cryptic mate choice or re-mating soon? Answering these questions will clarify whether old male mating advantage results from sexual cooperation or sexual conflict.

越来越多的证据表明，性别冲突无处不在，选择作用于个体，以最大化自己的基因回报，而不考虑其性伴侣的潜在适应性后果。在双环蝶（cycloclus anynana）中，年长的雄性比年轻的雄性交配成功率高得多，尽管它们的生存条件明显较差。这种独特模式背后的原因尚不清楚。在这种背景下，我将使用一种综合的方法，从行为和化学生态学到分子遗传学，来回答以下问题：(1)老年雄性交配优势的直接原因是老年雄性更积极的求爱行为（基于低剩余生殖价值），还是基于信息素混合的年龄特异性变化（年龄大表明适应性高）的雌性偏好？(2)雌性是否从与年长雄性交配中获得健康利益，还是通过交配后的隐性配偶选择或很快的再交配来歧视年长雄性？对这些问题的回答将会澄清，老年男性的交配优势是来自于性合作还是性冲突。