Combined airborne lidar measurments of moisture transport and cirrus properties: HALO-LIDAR

激光雷达对风、水蒸气、臭氧、气溶胶或云的测量是大量计划中的HALO飞行任务的关键组成部分。虽然这些任务有不同的科学目标，并利用激光雷达和其他仪器的不同组合，但共同关注热带外天气系统和共同依赖激光雷达数据提供了独特的机会，可以开发方法并获得超出单个任务范围的科学结果。HALO-LIDAR的目的是利用这些协同作用，解决跨越若干HALO飞行任务的一系列科学目标，并制定方法，根据激光雷达和其他仪器的数据组合分析物理相关量。科学目标的中心是测量北大西洋气旋形成过程上游的输送和通量，特别是水蒸气，以及卷云在其暖区的特性，并通过组合测量各组成部分来确定相关的关键物理过程。将利用相关项目的模型数据，特别是集合模拟数据，对大气变化造成的不确定性进行量化。HALO-LIDAR将通过基于各种仪器组合的增值数据产品和对误差和不确定性的仔细量化，对天气预报和气候模型进行新的和更好的评价。

Lidar measurements of wind, water vapour, ozone, aerosol or clouds are key components of a significant number of planned HALO missions. Although these missions have differing scientific goals and utilise different combinations of lidars and other instruments, a common focus on extratropical weather systems and the common reliance on lidar data provides unique opportunities to develop methods and obtain scientific results beyond what is possible in the context of the individual missions. The aim of HALO-LIDAR is to exploit these synergies by addressing a subset of scientific goals that span several HALO missions, and to develop methods for analysing physically relevant quantities based on combinations of data from lidars and other instruments. The scientific goals centre around measurements of transport and fluxes, especially of water vapour, upstream of developing North Atlantic cyclones, of cirrus properties in their warm sector, and around the identification of related key physical processes through combinations of constituent measurements. Model data from associated projects, especially ensemble simulations, will be exploited to quantify uncertainties due to atmospheric variability. HALO-LIDAR will enable new and better evaluations of weather forecasting and climate models through added value data products based on combinations of instruments and careful quantification of errors and uncertainties.