Hormonal and Genetic Networks in Phyllotaxy

杰克逊，大卫。0642707新西兰元。叶序中的激素和遗传网络。植物的发育是通过称为分生组织的干细胞群的器官的持续启动来进行的，而茎器官，如叶和花，是以规则的模式启动的，称为叶序。这个项目的目的是了解这些模式是如何产生的，这是数学家、物理学家和生物学家长期感兴趣的问题。在这个项目中，将研究调节叶片启动和叶分类的基因。这些基因的突变导致植物长出额外的叶子，并以相反的叶级发育，而不是玉米正常的交替模式。其中一个基因ABPHYL1已经被分离出来，并编码了一个细胞分裂素反应调节同源基因。细胞分裂素是一种植物激素，ABPHYL1的调节以及它与另一种重要的植物激素生长素的相互作用将被研究。受ABPHYL1调控的基因也已被鉴定，并将阐明它们的功能。第二个基因座ABPHYL2也调节着叶分类，这个基因将被分离出来。这项工作的影响将是更好地理解植物发育和激素信号之间的相互作用。这些研究还可能导致作物改良，因为有规律的叶片的启动优化了光的捕捉，以便有效地进行光合作用，并在一些植物中提供了结构支持。这些研究的更广泛的影响将通过几个领域的贡献来实现，包括发育调节、形态发生和激素信号。这些研究也将引起其他学科的研究人员的兴趣，如数学和计算机科学。此外，博士后、研究生和本科生或高中生将接受植物发育遗传学和生物信息学方面的培训。这项研究产生的材料将用于CSHL和多兰DNA学习中心的教学。

Jackson, David. NSF 0642707. Hormonal and Genetic Networks in Phyllotaxy.Plant development proceeds through the continuous initiation of organs from groups of stem cells called meristems, and shoot organs such as leaves and flowers, are initiated in regular patterns known as phyllotaxies. The aim of this project is to understand how these patterns are generated, a question that has been of long-term interest to mathematicians, physicists and biologists. In this project, genes that regulate leaf initation and phyllotaxy will be studied. Mutations in these genes cause plants to make extra leaves, and develop with opposite phyllotaxy rather than the alternating pattern that is normal for maize. One of the genes, ABPHYL1, has been isolated, and encodes a cytokinin response regulator homolog. Cytokinin is a plant hormone, and the regulation of ABPHYL1 and its interaction with another important plant hormone, auxin, will be studied. Genes that are regulated by ABPHYL1 have also been identified, and their functions will be elucidated. A second locus, ABPHYL2, also regulates phyllotaxy, and this gene will be isolated. The impact of this work will be to provide a greater understanding of the cross talk between plant developmental and hormone signaling. The studies could also lead to crop improvement, since the initiation of leaves in regular patterns optimizes light capture for efficient photosynthesis, and in some plants provides architectural support.These broader impacts of these studies will be through contributions to several areas, including developmental regulation, morphogenesis, and hormonal signaling. The studies will also be of interest to researchers in other disciplines, such as mathematics and computer science. In addition, a postdoctoral fellow, graduate student and undergraduate or high school students will be trained in plant developmental genetics and bioinformatics. Materials generated from the study will be used in teaching at CSHL and at the Dolan DNA Learning Center.