Mechanism of trehalose control of shoot development

海藻糖控制芽发育的机制

• 批准号: 1755141
• 负责人: David Jackson
• 金额: $ 68.38万
• 依托单位: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1755141&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mechanism; trehalose; control; shoot; development

How plants coordinate their growth and development according to the availability of resources, including sugars produced through photosynthesis, is largely unknown. The project will study a gene called RAMOSA3 that produces an enzyme that can degrade a type of sugar called trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P). T6P is thought to be an important hormone in plants, similar to insulin in animals. The researchers have found unexpected properties of the RAMOSA3 enzyme, including being present in the nucleus of cells, and interacting with a class of proteins that bind to ribonucleic acids. These findings suggest that RAMOSA3 is doing something different to its expected function as an enzyme, and the researchers will explore the ways in which RAMOSA3 is able to control how plants grow. Broader Impacts: Plants adapt their growth according to available resources, but how crosstalk between metabolism and development is achieved is not well understood, and the project outcomes will give a clearer understanding of relevance to agricultural productivity. The researchers will also contribute to outreach and education by training graduate and high school students as well as a post-doctoral researcher. The investigator directs a program, which allows local high school students, including minorities, to experience life in a research lab. The investigator's lab will also develop an educational and research exchange with a Middle School in Brooklyn, New York, with hands on experiments used to confer the excitement of scientific research to students, and discussions of how science benefits society. The disaccharide trehalose and its intermediate trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) have emerged as important regulators of sugar metabolism in plants, and trehalose pathway mutants or mis-expression lines have specific phenotypes affecting branching, flowering time and drought sensitivity. However, the molecular mechanism by which T6P controls these processes is unknown. This research project is to understand the mechanism by which RAMOSA3 (RA3), which encodes a trehalose phosphate phosphatase (TPP) enzyme, controls maize shoot branching. Preliminary results suggest that RA3 acts in the nucleus, where it is found in sub-nuclear domains, and interacts genetically and physically with RNA binding proteins. These findings suggest that RA3 may act in a gene regulatory network with RNA binding proteins, to control expression of downstream genes in response to metabolic signals. The discovery of RNA binding proteins that interact with RA3 provides an opportunity to understand how a metabolic enzyme can control gene expression necessary to direct plant development or other aspects of plant growth. The research will build on these findings by elucidating downstream factors and interacting proteins and RNAs that will lead to new emergent models of how RA3 functions as an integrator across scales in metabolic and developmental control. The project will also train students at multiple levels and will contribute to public education of plant biology research at middle and high school levelsThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

植物如何根据资源的可获得性来协调生长和发育，包括通过光合作用产生的糖，在很大程度上是未知的。该项目将研究一种名为RAMOSA3的基因，它会产生一种酶，可以降解一种名为海藻糖-6-磷酸(T6P)的糖。T6P被认为是植物中的一种重要激素，类似于动物中的胰岛素。研究人员发现，RAMOSA3酶具有意想不到的特性，包括存在于细胞核中，并与一类与核糖核酸结合的蛋白质相互作用。这些发现表明，RAMOSA3正在做一些与其作为酶的预期功能不同的事情，研究人员将探索RAMOSA3能够控制植物生长的方式。更广泛的影响：植物根据可用的资源调整生长，但新陈代谢和发育之间的串扰是如何实现的还不是很清楚，项目成果将使人们更清楚地了解与农业生产力的相关性。研究人员还将通过培训研究生和高中生以及博士后研究员来为推广和教育做出贡献。这位调查人员领导了一个项目，允许包括少数民族在内的当地高中生体验研究实验室的生活。研究人员的实验室还将与纽约布鲁克林的一所中学开展教育和研究交流，通过动手实验向学生传授科学研究的兴奋感，并讨论科学如何造福社会。二糖海藻糖及其中间体海藻糖-6-磷酸(T6P)已成为植物糖代谢的重要调节剂，海藻糖途径突变体或错误表达系具有影响分枝、开花时间和干旱敏感性的特定表型。然而，T6P控制这些过程的分子机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在了解编码海藻糖磷酸酶(TPP)的RAMOSA3(RA3)控制玉米分枝的机制。初步结果表明，RA3作用于细胞核，位于亚核区域，并与RNA结合蛋白在遗传和物理上相互作用。这些发现表明，RA3可能与RNA结合蛋白一起作用于基因调控网络，以控制下游基因的表达，以响应代谢信号。与RA3相互作用的RNA结合蛋白的发现为理解代谢酶如何控制植物发育或植物生长的其他方面所必需的基因表达提供了机会。这项研究将以这些发现为基础，通过阐明下游因素和相互作用的蛋白质和RNA，将导致新的新兴模型，如何RA3作为一个跨规模的整合者在代谢和发育控制。该项目还将在多个层次培训学生，并将有助于初中和高中水平的植物生物学研究的公共教育。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Control of meristem determinacy by trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatases is uncoupled from enzymatic activity

• DOI: 10.1038/s41477-019-0394-z
• 发表时间: 2019-04-01
• 期刊: NATURE PLANTS
• 影响因子: 18
• 作者: Claeys, Hannes;Vi, Son Lang;Jackson, David
• 通讯作者: Jackson, David

Gene duplication at the Fascicled ear1 locus controls the fate of inflorescence meristem cells in maize.

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019218118
• 发表时间: 2021-02-16
• 期刊: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Du Y;Lunde C;Li Y;Jackson D;Hake S;Zhang Z
• 通讯作者: Zhang Z

An Optimized Whole‐Mount Immunofluorescence Method for Shoot Apices

一种优化的芽尖整体免疫荧光法

• DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.101
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Current Protocols
• 作者: Tran, Thu M.;Demesa‐Arevalo, Edgar;Kitagawa, Munenori;Garcia‐Aguilar, Marcelina;Grimanelli, Daniel;Jackson, David
• 通讯作者: Jackson, David

High-Throughput CRISPR/Cas9 Mutagenesis Streamlines Trait Gene Identification in Maize

高通量 CRISPR/Cas9 诱变简化了玉米性状基因鉴定

• DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00934
• 发表时间: 2020-05-01
• 期刊: PLANT CELL
• 影响因子: 11.6
• 作者: Liu, Hai-Jun;Jian, Liumei;Yan, Jianbing
• 通讯作者: Yan, Jianbing