Panel Conditioning Effects in Longitudinal Social Science Surveys

纵向社会科学调查中的面板调节效应

• 批准号: 0647710
• 负责人: John Warren
• 金额: $ 28.68万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-15 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0647710&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Panel; Conditioning; Effects; Longitudinal; Social

Longitudinal (or panel) surveys provide great methodological leverage in establishing causality and in understanding processes that unfold over time. Despite their tremendous value for research in innumerable academic and applied fields, longitudinal surveys also present a variety of unique methodological problems. Among the least well understood of these problems is known as "panel conditioning," or bias introduced when participation in one wave of a longitudinal study alters respondents' subsequent reports of their attitudes and/or behaviors. If partaking in a longitudinal survey alters participants' responses to subsequent attitudinal and/or behavioral survey questions, then this calls into question the validity of information derived from any number of widely used data resources. The investigator will use an experimental research design with corrections for panel attrition and data on a wide range of attitudinal and behavioral measures to test a series of theoretically derived hypotheses about the circumstances under which conditioning effects should be most severe. The basic research design for assessing the magnitude of panel conditioning effects involves conducting a mail survey of individuals who were assigned, at random, to either a treatment group that has been interviewed repeatedly since 1988 or to a control group that has never been interviewed. The precise nature of the "treatment" is complicated by differences across measures in how frequently they have appeared on the annual longitudinal surveys and by heterogeneity across respondents in how frequently they have participated in those surveys.Major federal, local, and private funding agencies have spent many millions of dollars in recent decades to invest in longitudinal panel surveys. This investment is motivated by the desire to better understand causal processes and to learn more about processes that unfold over time. Nearly all social science disciplines rely on such data. Although researchers have carefully developed research methods and statistical techniques to account for some problems associated with longitudinal research (such as panel attrition), very little is known about panel conditioning. The results of this project will vastly improve our understanding of the magnitude of panel conditioning effects as well as our knowledge about the circumstances under which users of longitudinal survey data should be concerned about this form of bias.

纵向（或小组）调查在确定因果关系和理解随着时间的推移而展开的过程方面提供了很大的方法杠杆。 尽管纵向调查在无数学术和应用领域具有巨大的研究价值，但它也提出了各种独特的方法问题。 在这些问题中，最不为人所知的是“面板条件反射”，即当参与纵向研究的一个浪潮改变了受访者随后对其态度和/或行为的报告时所引入的偏见。 如果参与纵向调查改变了参与者对随后的态度和/或行为调查问题的回答，那么这就对从任何广泛使用的数据资源中获得的信息的有效性提出了质疑。 研究者将使用一种实验研究设计，对小组减员进行校正，并对广泛的态度和行为措施进行数据分析，以测试一系列理论推导的假设，这些假设是关于条件作用最严重的情况。 评估面板条件作用大小的基本研究设计包括对被随机分配到自1988年以来多次接受采访的治疗组或从未接受采访的对照组的个体进行邮件调查。 “处理”的确切性质是复杂的，不同的措施，在如何频繁地出现在每年的纵向调查和异质性的受访者，在如何频繁地参加这些调查，主要的联邦，地方和私人资助机构已经花费了数百万美元，在最近几十年来投资于纵向面板调查。 这种投资的动机是希望更好地理解因果过程，并更多地了解随着时间的推移而展开的过程。 几乎所有的社会科学学科都依赖于这些数据。 虽然研究者们已经仔细地开发了研究方法和统计技术来解释与纵向研究相关的一些问题（如面板损耗），但对面板条件作用知之甚少。 这个项目的结果将大大提高我们的面板条件作用的大小的理解，以及我们的知识的情况下，用户的纵向调查数据应该关注这种形式的偏见。