Panel Conditioning Effects on Mortality: Evidence from a Large-Scale Experimental Study

该研究项目将促进人们了解美国人参与在其一生中多次重新采访的调查的后果，特别是询问有关健康、健康行为和医疗保健问题的调查。有证据表明，参与调查可以通过传达新的健康信息或引起与健康相关的行为变化来影响个人的健康。然而，之前的研究并未考察调查参与与受访者寿命之间的关系。该项目将通过使用威斯康星州纵向研究的数据进行实验研究来解决这个问题。公共政策制定者和研究人员在很大程度上依赖于随着时间的推移对同一个人进行反复采访的数据。该项目的结果将帮助政策制定者和研究人员理解并提高其数据的准确性。一名研究生将参与整个项目。结果将传播给研究界和更广泛的公众。该项目将通过实验研究面板调节对成人死亡率的影响。该项目将评估重复回答调查问题（包括有关健康行为/结果和/或已知与健康密切相关的人们生活方面的问题）对受访者死亡时间的影响程度。该项目还将确定面板调节对死亡率的影响是否均匀分布在人群中，或者是否根据受访者的背景特征（例如性别、家庭社会经济背景、教育表现）而系统地变化。 1957 年，威斯康星州对所有 33,596 名高中毕业生进行了调查。其中三分之一是严格随机选择进行随访的，并已成为威斯康星州纵向研究队列。该项目将通过将威斯康星州纵向研究小组中的人员（已完成多项冗长的健康调查）与自 1957 年以来从未接受过重新访谈的人员的死亡率结果进行比较来实现其研究目标。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The research project will advance understanding of the consequences for Americans of participating in surveys that re-interview them on many occasions across their entire lives, especially surveys that ask questions about health, health behaviors, and health care. Evidence suggests that participating in surveys can impact an individual's health, either by communicating new health information or by causing health-related changes in behaviors. Prior research, however, has not examined the relationship between survey participation and respondents' longevity. This project will address that question by conducting an experimental study using data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study. Public policy makers and researchers rely heavily on data in which the same people are repeatedly interviewed over time. The results of this project will help policy makers and researchers understand and improve the accuracy of their data. A graduate student will be involved throughout the project. Results will be disseminated to the research community and the broader public. This project will examine experimentally the effects of panel conditioning on adult mortality. The project will evaluate the extent to which repeatedly answering survey questions (including questions about health behaviors/outcomes and/or aspects of people's lives that are known to correlate strongly with health) influences the timing of respondents' death. The project also will determine whether mortality effects from panel conditioning are distributed evenly across the population or whether they vary systematically depending on respondents' background characteristics (e.g., gender, family socioeconomic background, educational performance). In 1957, the state of Wisconsin administered surveys to all 33,596 graduating high school seniors. One third of them were selected strictly at random for follow-up and have become the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study cohort. The project will achieve its research objectives by comparing the mortality outcomes of people in the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study panel (who have completed multiple, lengthy surveys about health) to those who have never been re-interviewed since 1957.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.