Doctoral Dissertation Research: Valuing Property

博士论文研究：财产估价

• 批准号: 0648083
• 负责人: Kim Lane Scheppele
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-01 至 2010-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0648083&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Valuing; Property

Title: Doctoral Dissertation Grant: Valuing Property. Co-PI's: Kim Scheppele and Debbie BecherProposal Number: 0648083AbstractSince the U.S. Supreme Court case Kelo v. City of New London (2005), which found the use of eminent domain for an economic development project constitutional, there has been substantial political controversy over eminent domain nationwide. Reform legislation has already been passed by 34 state legislatures and 10 state ballot initiatives. Concerns about whether poor and minority communities are helped or hurt, about whether private developers take advantage of cash-strapped governments, and about whether government respects ownership rights have been raised. Yet the post-Kelo debate has revealed how little we know about how "takings" power is practiced. A report produced for Congress by the Government Accountability Office (November 2006) is titled "Eminent Domain: Information....Is Limited." This dissertation will provide an in-depth case study of how eminent domain is used for urban economic development and offer a pre-Kelo benchmark as well as suggestions and templates for future comparative research. It will also use eminent domain to understand how theoretical conflicts among different conceptions of private property and government action in the market are resolved in practice. This study focuses on three sets of empirical questions of eminent domain practice in Philadelphia, where the Redevelopment Authority of the City of Philadelphia has acquired thousands of properties for urban redevelopment over the last few decades. (1) When does government exercise eminent domain power for urban redevelopment? For what purposes? For which properties? (2) What affects the outcomes of eminent domain proceedings (acquiescence, agreement, or contestation by the property owner and/or government abandonment of project)? If contestation is the outcome, what is the result (negotiated settlement, litigation, or government abandonment of the project)? (3) How is "just compensation" for property determined, and how does it contribute to the outcomes of the "taking"? Documentary evidence and interview data will reveal the contours of policy dilemmas involved in how Philadelphia and other urban governments decide to use their eminent domain power for redevelopment. Quantitative data on the "takings" that were proposed by the Redevelopment Authority of the City of Philadelphia from 1995-2005 and the results of these proposals will reveal the scope and variation of these decisions. A smaller set of purposefully sampled cases will be investigated more thoroughly with extensive interviews, observations, and archival evidence to reconstruct the complexity of the taking of particular properties and the perspectives of actors involved. These case studies will answer important practical questions about many of the motivating factors and outcomes for the use of eminent domain in contemporary cities. This project will help us understand how urban governments make decisions with respect to property and how their constituents perceive the legitimacy of those decisions. Policy-makers and community activists - concerned either with stemming government abuse of power or with using government power to accomplish community development - will gain tools to understand and communicate about the many interests and perspectives involved in this difficult issue. Theoretically, eminent domain offers an important strategic opportunity for studying how government and the economy intersect through legal practice. This project aims to develop a theoretical account of how contestation and cooperation between government and business is managed in everyday practice through conceptions of property and the law. Three groups, academics, policy-makers, and the wider public, have been demanding more information about eminent domain since Kelo. The results of the study will be drafted for and disseminated to all three audiences.

标题：博士论文资助：估价财产。共同主要研究者：Kim Scheppele和Debbie Becher提案编号：0648083摘要自从美国最高法院的Kelo诉新伦敦市案（2005年）认定征用权用于经济发展项目符合宪法以来，全国范围内对征用权的政治争议一直很大。 改革立法已经由34个州的立法机构和10个州的投票倡议通过。 人们对贫困和少数民族社区是否得到帮助或伤害、私人开发商是否利用资金短缺的政府以及政府是否尊重所有权的担忧已经提出。 然而，后凯洛时代的辩论揭示了我们对“夺取”权力是如何实践的知之甚少。 2006年11月，政府问责局（Government Accountability Office）向国会提交了一份题为《征用权：信息......》的报告。有限。“本论文将提供一个深入的案例研究，探讨征用权如何用于城市经济发展，并为未来的比较研究提供一个前凯洛基准以及建议和模板。 它还将使用征用权来理解如何在实践中解决私有财产和政府行为的不同概念之间的理论冲突。 本研究的重点是在费城，在费城市的重建局已经获得了数千个物业的城市重建在过去的几十年中征用权实践的三组经验问题。 (1)政府何时行使城市再开发征用权？ 为了什么目的？ 哪些房产？ (2)什么会影响征用权程序的结果（默许、同意或财产所有者的认可和/或政府放弃项目）？ 如果结果是放弃，那么结果是什么（谈判解决、诉讼或政府放弃项目）？ (3)如何确定对财产的“公正补偿”，以及它如何有助于“征用”的结果？ 文件证据和访谈数据将揭示费城和其他城市政府如何决定使用其征用权进行重建的政策困境的轮廓。 1995-2005年费城市重建局提出的“征用”的定量数据和这些建议的结果将揭示这些决定的范围和变化。 将通过广泛的访谈、观察和档案证据，更彻底地调查一组更小的有目的的抽样案件，以重建夺取特定财产的复杂性和所涉行为者的观点。 这些案例研究将回答关于当代城市使用征用权的许多激励因素和结果的重要实际问题。 这个项目将帮助我们了解城市政府如何做出关于财产的决策，以及他们的选民如何看待这些决策的合法性。 关心制止政府滥用权力或利用政府权力实现社区发展的决策者和社区活动家将获得了解和沟通这一困难问题所涉及的许多利益和观点的工具。 从理论上讲，征用权为研究政府和经济如何通过法律的实践相互交叉提供了一个重要的战略机遇。 该项目旨在通过财产和法律的概念，从理论上阐述政府和企业之间的合作与合作在日常实践中是如何管理的。 三个群体，学者，政策制定者和更广泛的公众，一直要求更多的信息，征用权，因为凯洛。 研究结果将起草并分发给所有三个受众。