Creating Constitutional Consciousness in Post-Communist Society

在后共产主义社会中创造宪法意识

• 批准号: 9411889
• 负责人: Kim Lane Scheppele
• 金额: $ 14万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-08-01 至 1996-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9411889&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Creating; Constitutional; Consciousness; Post; Communist

9411889 SCHEPPELE The late 20th century is witnessing one of the most revolutionary but peaceful political transformations in history, the transition from regimes of state socialism to regimes characterized by pluralism, democratic institutions, and the rule of law. This research project examines the creation of the rule of law in Hungary, which has moved farthest along the path toward creating a state where a written constitution meaningfully constrains and guides day-to-day politics. At the center of this transition in Hungary is the powerful Constitutional Court which has already acted aggressively to uphold a strong vision of human rights, separation of powers, and constitutional regularity. Acting on the basis of petitions from ordinary citizens, the Constitutional Court has struck down many statutes since 1990 on constitutional grounds; the Parliament has re-worked most of these to comply with the Court's interpretation of the Constitution. Analysis of the development and legitimation of this Court will make a major contribution to our knowledge of the role of constitutionalism in the democratization process. The PI will be examining petitions to the Court from January 1990 to see what it is that ordinary citizens in this new democracy believe a Constitution should do. The analysis will include what the Court does with these petitions, how they are turned into constitutional questions, and the effects of the Court's rulings on everyday politics in Hungary. ***

小行星9411889 世纪末，中国正经历着历史上最具革命性但又最和平的政治变革，从国家社会主义政权过渡到以多元化、民主制度和法治为特征的政权。 这个研究项目探讨了法治在匈牙利，这已经走得最远沿着的道路上创建一个国家，一个书面宪法有意义地约束和指导日常政治的创建。 匈牙利这一转变的核心是强大的宪法法院，它已经采取积极行动，维护人权、权力分立和宪法规范性的强烈愿景。 宪法法院根据普通公民的请愿采取行动，自1990年以来以宪法为由废除了许多法规;议会重新修订了其中大部分法规，以符合宪法法院对宪法的解释。 对该法院的发展和合法性的分析将大大有助于我们了解宪政在民主化进程中的作用。 PI将从1990年1月开始审查向法院提交的请愿书，看看这个新民主国家的普通公民认为宪法应该做些什么。 分析将包括法院如何处理这些请愿书，它们如何变成宪法问题，以及法院的裁决对匈牙利日常政治的影响。 ***