Learning from Earthquakes

30多年来，国家科学基金会一直为EERIS从地震中学习(LFE)计划提供支持。该计划的核心是志愿多学科侦察小组，他们被派往世界各地破坏地震，为与减少地震风险相关的专业人员带来观察和经验教训。自1973年以来，EERI进行或发表了183项调查的结果，深刻地塑造了工程学、地球科学、公共政策和社会科学。从对地震地面运动和断层力学基础科学的更多了解，到根据对地震中建筑物性能的观察，对我们的建筑规范和施工实践进行根本性的改变，到改进准备、反应和恢复程序，这些进展不一而足。虽然取得了许多重大进展，但持续的生命损失以及不断升级的社会和经济影响突出表明，仍有许多东西有待学习。作为美国震后调查的领先者，EERI正在改善NSF资助的震后研究工作的整体协调，并采用新技术来改进易腐烂数据的收集和管理。EERI还在努力将LFE计划整合到新的地震工程模拟网络(NEES)中，以及LFE计划将如何与其他机构、组织和NSF资助的中心合作，接触到不同的年轻人和学生，以激发他们对科学和工程的兴趣和参与。智力价值：该计划通过提供作为深入研究项目基础的初步科学和工程观察，为许多不同学科的持续研究奠定基础。在一些地震中，EERI的科学家和工程师可能是第一个观察到具体的科学或工程证据的人，例如2005年巴基斯坦地震中地表断层破裂的识别。团队成员记录用于证明或反驳科学假设的观察和教训，并校准基于实验室的建筑性能、波浪作用和构造等模型。侦察小组从现场带回的数据被用来提出事件中的关键研究问题(值得进一步研究)，并总结事件以供历史记录和未来研究人员分析。更广泛的影响：该计划通过提供作为深入研究项目基础的初步科学和工程观察，为许多不同学科的继续研究奠定了基础。在一些地震中，EERI的科学家和工程师可能是第一个观察到具体的科学或工程证据的人，例如2005年巴基斯坦地震中地表断层破裂的识别。侦察小组从现场带回的数据被用来提出事件中的关键研究问题(值得进一步研究)，并总结事件以供历史记录和未来研究人员分析。

For over 30 years, support for EERIs Learning from Earthquakes (LFE) Program has been provided by the National Science Foundation. At the heart of this program are the volunteer multidisciplinary reconnaissance teams that are sent out to damaging earthquakes around the world, bringing back observations and lessons for the professions related to earthquake risk reduction. Since 1973, EERI has conducted or published findings from 183 investigations, profoundly shaping engineering, earth sciences, public policy and the social sciences. Advances range from increased understanding in the basic science of earthquake ground motions and fault mechanics to fundamental changes in our building codes and construction practices, based on observations of building performance in earthquakes, to improved procedures in preparedness, response and recovery. While many critical advances have been made, the continuing loss of life, as well as escalating social and economic impacts, underscores the fact that much remains to be learned. As the US leader in post-earthquake investigations, EERI is improving the overall coordination of NSF-funded post-earthquake research efforts and incorporating new technologies to improve the collection and management of perishable data. EERI is also making efforts to integrate the LFE program into the new Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) and the way in which the LFE program will work with other agencies, organizations and NSF-funded centers to reach a diverse population of young people and students to stimulate their interest and involvement in science and engineering. Intellectual Merit: The program lays the basis for continuing research in many different disciplines, by providing the initial scientific and engineering observations upon which in-depth research projects are based. In some earthquakes EERI scientists and engineers may be the first to observe specific scientific or engineering evidence, such as the identification of the surface fault rupture in the 2005 Pakistani earthquake. Team members document the observations and lessons that are used to prove or disprove scientific hypotheses, and calibrate laboratory-based models of building performance, wave actions, and tectonics, among others. Data that the reconnaissance teams bring back from the field are used to pose critical research questions from the event (that merit further research), and to summarize the event for the historical record and for analysis by researchers of the future. Broader Impact: The program lays the basis for continuing research in many different disciplines, by providing the initial scientific and engineering observations upon which in-depth research projects are based. In some earthquakes EERI scientists and engineers may be the first to observe specific scientific or engineering evidence, such as the identification of the surface fault rupture in the 2005 Pakistani earthquake. Data that the reconnaissance teams bring back from the field are used to pose critical research questions from the event (that merit further research), and to summarize the event for the historical record and for analysis by researchers of the future.