Learning From Earthquakes

该项目的目标是组织和支持由志愿实地研究人员组成的多学科侦察小组，在世界各地发生重大地震后立即收集易损坏的数据和观测结果，并将收集到的数据和从实地观测中吸取的经验教训传播给整个地震工程界。自1973年以来，EERI组织的这些活动增进了人们对地震地面运动及其对建筑和自然环境的影响的了解，使建筑规范和施工实践发生了根本性的变化，并改进了响应、恢复和准备程序。这些持续的活动为许多不同学科的持续研究提供了基础，提供了深入研究项目所依据的初步科学和工程观察。震后团队提供数据、观察和经验教训，用于提出关键的研究问题，这些问题值得进一步研究，以证明或反驳科学假设，并校准基于实验室的建筑性能、波浪作用和构造等模型。基于现场观测的研究使科学和工程界能够开发更好的工具和技术，以改进设计和施工实践，从而提高生命安全。它们改善了应急规划和反应工作，减少了地震损失，改善了恢复工作。这些努力还提高了公众的地震意识，增强了灾后社会的复原力。虽然取得了许多重要进展，但生命的持续损失以及不断升级的社会和经济影响凸显了这样一个事实，即从震后破坏调查中仍有许多东西有待学习。

The objectives of this project are to organize and support multidisciplinary reconnaissance teams composed of volunteer field researchers to collect perishable data and observations immediately after significant earthquakes throughout the world and disseminate the collected data and lessons learned from field observations to the earthquake engineering community at large. These activities organized by EERI since 1973 have led to increased understanding of earthquake ground motions and their effects on built and natural environment, to fundamental changes in building codes and construction practices, and to improved procedures for response, recovery and preparedness. These continued activities have provided bases for continuing research in many different disciplines, by providing initial scientific and engineering observations upon which in-depth research projects are based. Post-earthquake teams provide data, observations and lessons that are used to pose critical research questions that merit further research to prove or disprove scientific hypotheses, and calibrate laboratory-based models of building performance, wave actions, and tectonics, among others. Field observations-based research has enabled the scientific and engineering communities to develop better tools and techniques to improve design and construction practices for increased life safety. They have led to improvements in emergency planning and response efforts, resulting in a reduction in earthquake losses and improved recovery. The efforts have also led to enhanced earthquake awareness in general public to enhance post-earthquake societal resilience. While many critical advances have been made, the continuing loss of life, as well as escalating social and economic impacts, underscore the fact that much remains to be learned from post-earthquake damage surveys.