DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Predicting viral dynamics in Serengeti Carnivores

论文研究：预测塞伦盖蒂食肉动物的病毒动态

• 批准号: 0710070
• 负责人: Craig Packer
• 金额: $ 1.19万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-06-15 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0710070&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Predicting; viral; dynamics

Diseases that infect multiple species threaten the health of humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. This study addresses the disease dynamics of two multi-species diseases in the Serengeti ecosystem: canine distemper virus (which killed over a thousand lions in 1994) and rabies (which kills humans as well as all other mammals). The objective of this thesis is to use innovative models parameterized with field data on intraspecific and interspecific contact rates to understand how canine distemper virus and rabies persist in the Serengeti ecosystem and to design appropriate control measures. Mathematical models allow for virtual experiments that would otherwise be unethical or infeasible in the real world.This research will be the first ecological study of disease dynamics in wild carnivores to combine modeling with detailed observations in a multi-host ecosystem. The theoretical models developed here will not only contribute to a basic understanding of disease dynamics but also provide practical recommendations for carnivore conservation and human health in rural Africa. Theoretical approaches to real-life conservation actions are urgently needed to improve future disease control programs in an era of frequent emerging diseases.

感染多种物种的疾病威胁着人类、家畜和野生动物的健康。这项研究探讨了塞伦盖蒂生态系统中两种多物种疾病的疾病动态：犬瘟热病毒(1994年导致1000多头狮子死亡)和狂犬病(导致人类和所有其他哺乳动物死亡)。这篇论文的目的是用种内和种间接触率的现场数据进行参数化的创新模型，以了解犬瘟病毒和狂犬病是如何在塞伦盖蒂生态系统中持续存在的，并设计适当的控制措施。数学模型允许在现实世界中进行不道德或不可行的虚拟实验。这项研究将是第一个将建模与多宿主生态系统中详细观察相结合的野生食肉动物疾病动力学的生态学研究。这里开发的理论模型不仅有助于对疾病动态的基本了解，而且还将为非洲农村地区的食肉动物保护和人类健康提供切实可行的建议。在一个疾病频发的时代，迫切需要对现实生活中的保护行动采取理论方法，以改进未来的疾病控制计划。