SGER: Effects of the 2006-2007 El Nino on ecosystem functioning in the Galapagos Marine Reserve: Impact and Resistence

SGER：2006-2007 年厄尔尼诺现象对加拉帕戈斯海洋保护区生态系统功能的影响：影响和抵抗力

• 批准号: 0715361
• 负责人: Jon Witman
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0715361&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Effects; 2006; 2007; El

The challenge for ecologists ultimately trying to understand the causes of patterns of community structure, species diversity and community assembly is to integrate the influences of large- scale processes (i.e. climatic forcing, input from regional species pool, etc.) occurring at low frequencies with the more chronic effects of biotic and abiotic processes operating on smaller spatial scales. This challenge is particularly relevant in marine benthic communities where many species have planktonic larvae that disperse in the overlying water column before they settle to the bottom. Consequently, adult assemblages in a local patch of habitat are influenced by a variety of global and regional processes from basin wide currents transporting larvae to direct impacts of elevated ocean temperature during El Nino events. The investigators of this Small Grant for Exploratory Research (SGER) will study the effects of large-scale processes on local marine communities by investigating the impacts of the present El Nino on the functioning of subtidal ecosystems in the Galapagos Marine Reserve. This SGER project builds on initial NSF funded research on upwelling effects in the rocky subtidal zone of the Galapagos where it has been demonstrated that upwelling links bottom up (food, nutrients) and top down (predatory) forces via recruitment of an important prey species (barnacles). Moreover, physical and biotic variables have been monitored during 4-6 years of pre-El Nino conditions, setting the stage for post-El Nino comparisons. Broader impacts include increasing our understanding of ecological effects of climate change in the ocean by linking coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomenon on large scales to local marine community dynamics. The results of this research will be used Galapagos Marine Reserve. Educational impacts include training in marine ecology for two graduate students and one undergraduate student. One of the graduate students is an underrepresented minority female

生态学家最终试图理解群落结构、物种多样性和群落聚集模式的原因，其挑战是整合大尺度过程（即气候强迫、区域物种库输入等）的影响。发生频率较低，生物和非生物过程在较小的空间尺度上产生更长期的影响。这一挑战与海洋底栖生物群落特别相关，因为许多物种的浮游幼虫在沉降到底部之前就分散在上覆水柱中。因此，成人组合在当地的一片栖息地受到各种全球和区域过程的影响，从流域范围内的电流运输幼虫的直接影响，在厄尔尼诺事件期间海洋温度升高。这项探索性研究小额赠款（SGER）的研究人员将通过调查目前厄尔尼诺现象对加拉帕戈斯海洋保护区潮下带生态系统功能的影响，研究大规模过程对当地海洋社区的影响。该SGER项目建立在美国国家科学基金会（NSF）资助的关于加拉帕戈斯岩石潮下带上升流效应的初步研究的基础上，该研究已证明上升流通过招募重要的猎物物种（藤壶）将自下而上（食物、营养素）和自上而下（掠夺）的力量联系起来。此外，在厄尔尼诺现象发生前的4至6年期间，对物理和生物变量进行了监测，为厄尔尼诺现象发生后的比较奠定了基础。更广泛的影响包括通过将大规模的海洋-大气耦合现象与当地海洋群落动态联系起来，提高我们对气候变化对海洋生态影响的认识。这项研究成果将用于加拉帕戈斯海洋保护区。教育影响包括为两名研究生和一名本科生提供海洋生态学培训。 其中一名研究生是代表性不足的少数民族女性