Integrated Studies on the Phloem as a Long-Distance Communication System in Plants

韧皮部作为植物远距离通讯系统的综合研究

• 批准号: 0715513
• 负责人: William Lucas
• 金额: $ 11.34万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0715513&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Integrated; Studies; Phloem; Long; Distance

Biological systems utilize sophisticated control networks to orchestrate complex processes underlying their cellular, developmental and physiological programs. In the plant kingdom, unique systems evolved for inter-organ communication. Signaling around the body of the plant occurs by delivery of information molecules via the xylem tracheary cells, which are dead at maturity, and the phloem sieve tube system. The evolution of this vascular network reflects, among other things, the need to communicate environmental inputs (abiotic and biotic), sensed by mature organs, to meristematic regions of the plant. An important consequence of this long-distance signaling system is that newly forming organs can develop properties optimized for the environment into which they will emerge, mature and function. This proposal describes experiments aimed at further characterizing the role of the phloem in long-distance signaling. To this end, pumpkin will be used as a model plant to collect phloem sap that will be analyzed by mass spectrometry and bioinformatics methods to identify the population of proteins that are present in the higher plant translocation stream. Analysis of the phloem proteome, comprising the proteins present in the translocation stream, will yield novel insights into the spectrum of metabolic and signaling pathways that operate within the unique enucleate sieve tube system of the angiosperms. Long term goals are to identify the pathways that (a) maintain the enucleate sieve tube system and (b) integrate developmental and physiological processes between distantly located organs of the plant. The results from these studies should provide new perspectives on the path taken by the plant kingdom during its evolution from single cells to complex, supracellular, organisms. Finally, the long-term impact of this phloem proteome will be through the development of new controls over plant processes, including the way nutrients are shared between the various plant organs. Such applications could well have major ramifications in terms of agriculture and animal/human nutrition/health.

生物系统利用复杂的控制网络来协调其细胞，发育和生理程序的复杂过程。在植物界，独特的系统进化为器官间的沟通。植物体周围的信号传递是通过木质部导管细胞和韧皮部筛管系统传递信息分子进行的，木质部导管细胞在成熟时死亡。这种维管网络的演变反映了，除其他事项外，需要沟通的环境输入（非生物和生物），感受到成熟的器官，植物的分生组织区域。这种长距离信号系统的一个重要结果是，新形成的器官可以发展出针对它们将出现、成熟和发挥功能的环境的优化特性。该提案描述了旨在进一步表征韧皮部在长距离信号传递中的作用的实验。为此，南瓜将被用作收集韧皮部汁液的模型植物，将通过质谱和生物信息学方法进行分析，以鉴定高等植物易位流中存在的蛋白质群体。韧皮部蛋白质组，包括蛋白质存在于易位流的分析，将产生新的见解的代谢和信号转导途径，在独特的去核筛管系统的被子植物的频谱。长期目标是确定（a）维持去核筛管系统和（B）整合植物远距离器官之间的发育和生理过程的途径。这些研究的结果应该为植物界从单细胞进化到复杂的超细胞生物体的过程提供新的视角。最后，这种韧皮部蛋白质组的长期影响将通过开发对植物过程的新控制来实现，包括各种植物器官之间共享营养物质的方式。这种应用很可能在农业和动物/人类营养/健康方面产生重大影响。