Dynamic Plant Responses to Aphid Infestation

植物对蚜虫侵染的动态反应

• 批准号: 0718733
• 负责人: Georg Jander
• 金额: $ 42.28万
• 依托单位: Boyce Thompson Institute Plant Research
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0718733&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dynamic; Plant; Responses; Aphid; Infestation

To ensure their survival in the natural world, plants must recognize and respond to a wide variety of insect herbivores. Among these attackers, aphids and other hemipteran insects pose a particular challenge because they insert their slender stylets intercellularly to feed from the phloem sieve elements, thereby causing relatively little overt tissue damage. Specific plant recognition pathways are required for initiating resistance or tolerance to this unique insect feeding style. The genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (mouse-ear cress), in combination with the well-studied and ubiquitous aphid, Myzus persicae (green peach aphid), provides an excellent system for studying plant responses to phloem-feeding insects. Plant bioassays with fractionated aphid saliva will identify salivary components that induce plant defense responses. The resulting gene expression changes, as well as changes in plant primary and secondary metabolism will be investigated. A broader impact of the proposed research is that the discovery of as yet unknown elicitors released by phloem feeding insects and the resulting metabolic responses in the host plants will lead to improved agricultural pest management strategies. In addition, the project will contribute to the education of a new generation of chemical ecologists and plant molecular biologists. Summer interns participating in this project will be recruited through a well-established undergraduate plant research program that is organized by the principal investigator.

为了确保它们在自然界中的生存，植物必须识别和应对各种各样的食草昆虫。在这些攻击者中，蚜虫和其他半翅目昆虫构成了特别的挑战，因为它们将细长的管芯插入细胞间以从韧皮部筛元件中进食，从而造成相对较小的明显组织损伤。特定的植物识别途径是启动对这种独特的昆虫取食方式的抗性或耐受性所必需的。遗传模式植物拟南芥（鼠耳水芹），结合充分研究和无处不在的蚜虫，桃蚜（绿色桃蚜），提供了一个很好的系统，用于研究植物对韧皮部取食昆虫的反应。植物生物测定与分级蚜虫唾液将确定唾液成分，诱导植物防御反应。由此产生的基因表达的变化，以及在植物的初级和次级代谢的变化将进行调查。拟议研究的更广泛影响是，发现韧皮部取食昆虫释放的未知激发子以及宿主植物中产生的代谢反应将导致改进农业害虫管理策略。此外，该项目将有助于培养新一代化学生态学家和植物分子生物学家。参与本项目的暑期实习生将通过由首席研究员组织的完善的本科植物研究计划招募。