Dynamic Plant Responses to Aphid Infestation

植物对蚜虫侵染的动态反应

• 批准号: 0718733
• 负责人: Georg Jander
• 金额: $ 42.28万
• 依托单位: Boyce Thompson Institute Plant Research
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0718733&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dynamic; Plant; Responses; Aphid; Infestation

To ensure their survival in the natural world, plants must recognize and respond to a wide variety of insect herbivores. Among these attackers, aphids and other hemipteran insects pose a particular challenge because they insert their slender stylets intercellularly to feed from the phloem sieve elements, thereby causing relatively little overt tissue damage. Specific plant recognition pathways are required for initiating resistance or tolerance to this unique insect feeding style. The genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (mouse-ear cress), in combination with the well-studied and ubiquitous aphid, Myzus persicae (green peach aphid), provides an excellent system for studying plant responses to phloem-feeding insects. Plant bioassays with fractionated aphid saliva will identify salivary components that induce plant defense responses. The resulting gene expression changes, as well as changes in plant primary and secondary metabolism will be investigated. A broader impact of the proposed research is that the discovery of as yet unknown elicitors released by phloem feeding insects and the resulting metabolic responses in the host plants will lead to improved agricultural pest management strategies. In addition, the project will contribute to the education of a new generation of chemical ecologists and plant molecular biologists. Summer interns participating in this project will be recruited through a well-established undergraduate plant research program that is organized by the principal investigator.

为了确保其在自然世界中的生存，植物必须认识并应对各种昆虫食草动物。在这些攻击者中，蚜虫和其他半翅目昆虫构成了一个特殊的挑战，因为它们会插入纤细的骨头以从韧皮部的筛子元素中进食，从而造成相对较小的明显组织损害。需要特定的植物识别途径来启动这种独特的昆虫喂养方式的抵抗力或耐受性。遗传模型的植物拟南芥（小鼠cress）结合了研究良好且普遍存在的蚜虫Myzus persicae（绿桃蚜虫），为研究植物对韧皮部昆虫的反应提供了一个极好的系统。分离蚜虫唾液的植物生物测定将识别引起植物防御反应的唾液成分。将研究所得的基因表达变化，以及植物原发性和继发代谢的变化。拟议的研究的一个更广泛的影响是，韧皮部喂养昆虫释放的AS尚不清楚的引起者以及寄主植物中由此产生的代谢反应将导致改善农业有害生物管理策略。此外，该项目将有助于新一代化学生态学家和植物分子生物学家的教育。参加该项目的暑期实习生将通过由主要研究人员组织的良好的本科植物研究计划招募。