MRI: Development of a Multi-Channel Receiver for the Realization of Multi-Mission Capabilities at the National Weather Radar Testbed

MRI：开发多通道接收器以在国家天气雷达试验台实现多任务能力

• 批准号: 0723132
• 负责人: Mark Yeary
• 金额: $ 69.94万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2011-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0723132&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; Multi; Channel; Receiver

This development project includes the design and construction of a unique receiver that will digitize radar signals coming from eight channels on the phased array antenna at the National Weather Radar Testbed (NWRT). At the current time, a single-channel digital receiver is operational to mimic current operational weather radar capability. The new multi-channel capability will foster a new generation of adaptive/fast scanning techniques and cross-beam wind estimates. This will improve weather warnings as well as contribute to improved numerical weather prediction. The phased array radar with this multichannel receiver will be suited for multi-mission capabilities, such as aircraft tracking, storm tracking, and precipitation monitoring, all done simultaneously with a high degree of fidelity. Intellectual Merit: The multi-channel receiver suite will collect signals from the sum, azimuth-difference, elevation-difference, and six broad-beamed auxiliary channels. One of the major advantages of the NWRT is the capability to adaptively scan weather phenomena at higher temporal resolution than is possible by current mechanically-steered weather radars (1 min or less vs. 4 min, respectively) without compromising data accuracy. The multi-channel receiver will allow direct implementation of interferometry techniques to measure cross-beam wind, wind shear, and turbulence, within a radar resolution volume. Access to the auxiliary channels will enable clutter mitigation and advanced array processing for higher quality data. The differential signals will greatly add to the radar's ability to pinpoint aircraft locations. Broader Impacts: Potential benefits include better understanding of storm dynamics and initiation, better detection of small-scale phenomena including tornados and microbursts, increased lead time for severe weather warnings, and improved numerical weather prediction. Losses of life and property due to severe weather will be reduced through warnings made further in advance. Researchers across the nation will have access to this digital data to study advanced signal processing techniques, new retrieval methods, and applications in improving weather forecasts. Assembly and test of the instrument will be accomplished in the new Radar Innovation Laboratory (RIL) at the University of Oklahoma (OU) prior to integration into the NWRT. The National Severe Storms Laboratory will take an active role in the design and integration of this instrument into the NWRT. A diverse group of students will be encouraged to share in the excitement of state-of-the-art hardware and scientific discovery. This will be accomplished by leveraging already successful programs at OU, such as a unique research and teaching-oriented program called SPARC (Signal Processing and Radar Computations). This initiative is devoted to minority and women students. The NWRT is a multi-member national partnership between the University of Oklahoma and NOAA/National Weather Service, FAA, Lockheed-Martin, Office of Naval Research, and BCI Inc. Through the NWRT, this community of engineers and scholars is dedicated towards advancing the science of a multi-mission radar system for the detection of severe weather and aircraft identification. They also share in the goal to decentralize the NWRT by making next-generation data available via the web and digital libraries.

这一开发项目包括设计和建造一种独特的接收器，该接收器将数字化来自国家天气雷达试验台(NWRT)相控阵天线上的八个通道的雷达信号。目前，一个单通道数字接收器正在运行，以模拟当前运行的天气雷达能力。新的多通道能力将培育新一代自适应/快速扫描技术和交叉波束风速估计。这将改善天气警告，并有助于改进数值天气预报。具有这种多通道接收器的相控阵雷达将适合多任务能力，如飞机跟踪、风暴跟踪和降水监测，所有这些都将以高保真同时完成。智能优点：多通道接收器套件将从总和通道、方位差通道、仰角差通道和六个宽束辅助通道收集信号。NWRT的主要优势之一是能够以比目前机械操纵的天气雷达更高的时间分辨率(分别为1分钟或更短于4分钟)自适应扫描天气现象，而不会影响数据精度。多通道接收器将允许直接实施干涉测量技术，以在雷达分辨率范围内测量跨波束风、风切变和湍流。接入辅助通道将实现杂波抑制和先进的阵列处理，以获得更高质量的数据。这些差分信号将大大增强雷达精确定位飞机位置的能力。更广泛的影响：潜在的好处包括更好地了解风暴动力学和启动，更好地检测包括龙卷风和微暴发在内的小范围现象，增加恶劣天气警告的准备时间，以及改进数值天气预报。由于恶劣天气造成的生命和财产损失将通过提前进一步发出警告来减少。全国各地的研究人员将可以访问这些数字数据，研究先进的信号处理技术、新的检索方法以及在改进天气预报方面的应用。该仪器的组装和测试将在俄克拉荷马大学(OU)的新雷达创新实验室(RIL)完成，然后再整合到NWRT。国家严重风暴实验室将在设计该仪器并将其纳入西北地区的过程中发挥积极作用。不同的学生群体将被鼓励分享最先进的硬件和科学发现的兴奋。这将通过利用OU已经成功的项目来实现，例如一个独特的以研究和教学为导向的项目，称为SPARC(信号处理和雷达计算)。这项倡议是专门针对少数民族和女学生的。NWRT是俄克拉荷马大学和NOAA/国家气象局、美国联邦航空局、洛克希德-马丁公司、海军研究办公室和BCI公司之间的一个多成员国家合作伙伴关系。通过NWRT，这个工程师和学者社区致力于推进用于探测恶劣天气和飞机识别的多任务雷达系统的科学。他们还分享了通过网络和数字图书馆提供下一代数据来分散NWRT的目标。