Hurricane Wind Simulation and Testing to Develop Damage Mitigation Techniques

飓风模拟和测试以开发减轻损害的技术

• 批准号: 0727871
• 负责人: Arindam Chowdhury
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Florida International University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0727871&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hurricane; Wind; Simulation; Testing; Develop

The first objective of this research project is to simulate hurricane effects to study hurricane-structure interaction in full-scale, facilitating better understanding of the combined impacts of wind, rain and debris on the built environment at spatial and temporal scales. The second objective is to develop a novel, cost-effective, light, strong, ductile, and non-intrusive roof-to-wall connection system using high performance fiber composite materials, to improve hurricane resiliency of residential buildings. The human and financial toll from hurricanes of the last few years has been immense. Thousands of lives have been lost and billions of dollars worth of property have been destroyed. More importantly, the public's belief in the effectiveness of its built environment and its ability to withstand the brutal forces of nature has been shattered. Engineered structures are vulnerable to damage from hurricane induced wind, rain and debris, though the combined impacts are not well understood. Damages during these extreme wind events highlight the weaknesses inherent in coastal residential building construction and underscore the need for improving their structural performance. This work addresses two high priority areas for hurricane research, namely, "Impacts and Interactions" and "Preparedness and Building Resiliency", as recommended by the NSB (2006). The research will advance knowledge pertaining to hurricane-structure interaction in full-scale by capturing some of the intricate flow separation, vortex generation, and re-attachment phenomena and their effects on structures and components built with real materials. Combined effects of hurricane wind, rain and debris will be studied to assess the multi-objective system performance to improve safety and serviceability conditions through performance-based engineering. The work will integrate two very important aspects of hurricane research and address the Nation's need for understanding extreme windstorm effects on structures and improving the resiliency of coastal construction (including new construction as well as retrofitting of old construction) in a similar way that the automobile industry tackled the crash worthiness issue or the earthquake engineering community approached building safety. The team's expertise in wind-structural interaction and high performance composites and the available resources for full-scale testing will help to achieve the research goals.Integration of this research project with education will be accomplished by assigning various aspects of the research to undergraduate and graduate students as senior-design, masters, and doctoral topics. Wall of Wind Contests, with student and industry participations, will be held to brainstorm and test innovative mitigation concepts, thus transferring the technology from academia to field applications. These activities will help in developing a trained workforce of students and professionals with needed expertise. Research accomplishments by current students will make a positive impact in bringing more women as research participants. Wall of Wind will act as a multi-user research facility and serve various disciplines such as Civil, Architectural, and Construction. PIs will seek to collaborate with other universities in the US and abroad. Wall of Wind will be home to a laboratory for engineering coursework which will create an atmosphere for mentoring multi-disciplinary students. Research results will be disseminated widely through peer-reviewed journal and conference publications, and reports to policy makers and building code committees to improve current standards. The research is expected to benefit society as a whole by developing hurricane mitigation techniques that will lead to human safety, property loss reduction, insurance cost reduction, and develop a "culture of preparedness" to natural disasters.

本研究项目的第一个目标是模拟飓风效应，全面研究飓风与结构的相互作用，以便更好地了解风、雨和碎片在空间和时间尺度上对建筑环境的综合影响。第二个目标是使用高性能纤维复合材料开发一种新颖、经济、轻、强、延展性和非侵入性的屋顶到墙壁连接系统，以提高住宅建筑的飓风弹性。过去几年飓风造成的人员和经济损失是巨大的。数以千计的人丧生，价值数十亿美元的财产被毁。更重要的是，公众对其建筑环境的有效性和抵御大自然残酷力量的能力的信念已经破灭。工程结构很容易受到飓风引起的风、雨和碎片的破坏，尽管综合影响还没有得到很好的理解。这些极端风事件造成的损害凸显了沿海住宅建筑固有的弱点，并强调了改善其结构性能的必要性。这项工作涉及飓风研究的两个高度优先领域，即“影响和相互作用”和“准备和建设弹性”，这是NSB（2006）建议的。这项研究将通过捕捉一些复杂的流动分离、漩涡产生和再附着现象以及它们对用真实材料建造的结构和部件的影响，全面推进有关飓风-结构相互作用的知识。将研究飓风、降雨和碎片的综合影响，以评估多目标系统性能，通过基于性能的工程提高安全性和可服务性条件。这项工作将整合飓风研究的两个非常重要的方面，并解决国家需要了解极端风暴对结构的影响，并提高沿海建筑（包括新建筑和旧建筑的改造）的弹性，就像汽车工业解决耐撞性问题或地震工程界解决建筑安全问题一样。该团队在风-结构相互作用和高性能复合材料方面的专业知识以及用于全面测试的可用资源将有助于实现研究目标。通过将研究的各个方面分配给本科生和研究生，作为高级设计、硕士和博士课题，本研究项目将与教育相结合。将举行由学生和工业界参加的“风之墙”竞赛，以集思广益和测试创新的缓解概念，从而将技术从学术界转移到现场应用。这些活动将有助于培养一支训练有素、具备所需专业知识的学生和专业人员队伍。在校学生的研究成果将对吸引更多女性作为研究参与者产生积极影响。风之墙将作为一个多用户的研究设施，服务于各种学科，如土木、建筑和建筑。pi将寻求与美国和国外的其他大学合作。风之墙将成为工程课程实验室的所在地，这将为指导多学科学生创造一种氛围。研究成果将通过同行评议的期刊和会议出版物广泛传播，并向决策者和建筑规范委员会报告，以改进现行标准。这项研究预计将通过开发飓风缓解技术使整个社会受益，这些技术将导致人类安全、财产损失减少、保险成本降低，并培养一种应对自然灾害的“备灾文化”。