Phytophthora sojae: A High Quality Reference Sequence for the Oomycetes

大豆疫霉：卵菌纲的高质量参考序列

• 批准号: 0731969
• 负责人: Brett Tyler
• 金额: $ 75万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-15 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0731969&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Phytophthora; sojae; Quality; Reference; Sequence

Oomycete plant pathogens, such as those from the genus Phytophthora, cause destructive diseases of an enormous variety of crop and non-crop plant species. Forests and native ecosystems have been devastated by broad host range Phytophthora species such as Ph.cinnamomi and the newly emerged pathogen of California's oak forests, P. ramorum. The potato pathogen Ph. infestans was responsible for the Irish potato famine in the 19th century. Superficially, Phytophthora pathogens resemble fungi, but they in fact belong to a group called oomycetes that are most closely related to algae such as kelp and diatoms. Hence conventional fungal control measures often fail against these pathogens. Since these organisms have evolved the ability to attack plants independently of other pathogens such as fungi, they may have developed novel means of attacking their hosts. This project, which will also be funded by the USDA/CSREES, will create a comprehensive genetic resource for oomycete pathogens by creating a high quality DNA sequence of the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae. The Ph. sojae sequence will be integrated with a draft sequences for five other oomycete pathogens, Ph. ramorum, Ph.infestans, the pepper and cucurbit pathogen Ph. capsici, the downy mildew Hyaloperonospora parasitica, and the broad host range opportunistic pathogen Pythium ultimum. The project will greatly advance understanding of the genetics, biochemistry, evolution and pathology of this destructive group of pathogens and will facilitate the development of improved disease control measures. A network of predominantly undergraduate institutions will be involved in interpreting the genome sequences, providing exciting opportunities for undergraduates to experience the excitement of exploring the cutting edges of biology.

卵菌纲植物病原体，例如来自疫霉属的那些，引起多种作物和非作物植物物种的破坏性疾病。森林和原生生态系统已经被广泛的宿主范围的疫霉属物种如肉桂疫霉和加州橡树林新出现的病原体多枝疫霉所破坏。马铃薯致病菌Ph. infestans是19世纪爱尔兰马铃薯饥荒的罪魁祸首。从表面上看，疫霉属病原体类似于真菌，但实际上它们属于一组称为卵菌纲的真菌，与海藻（如海带和硅藻）关系最密切。因此，传统的真菌控制措施往往无法对抗这些病原体。由于这些生物已经进化出独立于其他病原体（如真菌）攻击植物的能力，它们可能已经发展出攻击宿主的新方法。该项目也将由美国农业部/CSREES资助，将通过创建大豆病原体大豆疫霉的高质量DNA序列来创建卵菌病原体的综合遗传资源。大豆疫霉序列将与五种其他卵菌病原体的草图序列整合，所述其他卵菌病原体为分枝疫霉、致病疫霉、辣椒和葫芦科植物病原体辣椒疫霉、霜霉病透明霜霉寄生菌和广泛宿主范围的机会性病原体终极腐霉。该项目将极大地促进对这一毁灭性病原体群体的遗传学、生物化学、进化和病理学的了解，并将促进制定更好的疾病控制措施。一个以本科院校为主的网络将参与解释基因组序列，为本科生提供激动人心的机会，体验探索生物学前沿的兴奋。