Collaborative Research: The Inglefield Land Archaeology Project IPY Initiative -- Dynamic Social Systems at the Entrance to Greenland

最后修改日期：5/13/08最后修改者：Anna Kerttula de Ecare摘要联合调查员Christiann Dargo(加州大学戴维斯分校人类学系)和Genevive Lemoine(Peary-MacMillan北极博物馆，鲍登学院)将于2008年和2009年夏天在两个Thule/Inughuit遗址进行考古发掘。其目的是调查这一地区史前到历史的转变，并了解这一关键的文化接触和环境变化时期。这里的史前-史前过渡可以追溯到19世纪。与欧美人的零星接触始于1818年，当时约翰·罗斯第一次停泊在约克角附近，并在1850年后变得越来越频繁。同时，(约1860年)因纽特人吸收了一群来自巴芬岛的移民进入他们的社会。这两个过程都对因纽特人社会产生了重大和持久的影响，由于这两个过程都涉及引进或重新引入重要技术，因此它们都适合进行考古调查。使用各种方法的技术研究将被用来了解因纽特人如何在他们的活动中采用新的工具和材料，以及这些变化对他们的生活产生了什么影响。19世纪也见证了小冰河时代的结束，随着气候变暖的加剧，动植物的丰度和分布也发生了迄今未被记录的变化。对经济上重要的动物和遗址的昆虫区系的研究将解决这些变化的时机和范围以及因纽特人？S对这些变化的反应的问题。选址是根据该小组在2004年和2005年进行的调查选定的。2008年，该小组将挖掘格林内尔角史前晚期/历史早期的冬季住所，这一地点在19世纪50年代首次被伊利莎·肯特·凯恩确定为最近被遗弃的房屋。2009年，研究小组将把重点放在卡卡伊苏特，一个冬季村庄，从公元1200年到最近的20世纪80年代。房屋和邻近的蚊子将被挖掘出来。他们还将详细绘制这两个多组分地点的地图。在格林内尔角，一项地貌研究将帮助研究小组了解海滩脊的发展，海滩脊已经被占据了4000多年。研究人员将讨论基本的文化史；土著群体之间以及欧洲美洲人和因纽特人之间的文化接触；对不断变化的极地环境的适应；以及哺乳动物的生物地理学。本项目是国家自然科学基金S国际极年研究项目的一部分。该项目是一个国际合作项目，由来自美国、加拿大、丹麦和格陵兰的研究人员(包括当地因纽特人社区的成员)共同参与。

Last Modified Date: 05/13/08 Last Modified By: Anna Kerttula de Echave Abstract Co-Investigators Christyann Darwent (Department of Anthropology, University of California-Davis) and Genevieve LeMoine (Peary-MacMillan Arctic Museum, Bowdoin College) will undertake archaeological excavation at two Thule/Inughuit sites in the summers of 2008 and 2009. The goal is to investigate the prehistoric-historic transition in this region, and to gain an understanding of this period of key culture contact and environmental change. The prehistoric-historic transition here dates to the 19th century. Sporadic contact with Euro-Americans began in 1818 when John Ross first anchored off Cape York, and became increasingly frequent after 1850. At the same time, (ca. 1860) the Inughuit assimilated into their society a group of migrants from Baffin Island. Both of these processes had major and lasting impacts on Inughuit society, and because both of them involved introducing, or re-introducing, important technologies, they are amenable to archaeological investigation. Technological studies, using a variety of approaches, will be used to understand how the Inughuit adopted new tools and materials into their activities, and what impact such changes had on their lives. The nineteenth century also saw the end of the Little Ice Age, with increased warming accompanied by as-yet undocumented changes in the abundance and distribution of plants and animals. Studies of both economically important animals and the insect fauna of the sites will address questions of the timing and scope of these changes, as well as the Inughuit?s responses to them. Sites have been selected on the basis of surveys conducted by the team in 2004 and 2005. In 2008 the team will excavate late-prehistoric/early historic winter dwellings at Cape Grinnell, a site first identified by Elisha Kent Kane in the1850s as having recently abandoned houses. In 2009 the research team will focus its efforts on Qaqaitsut, a winter village, occupied from ca. AD 1200 to as recently as the 1980s. Houses and adjacent middens will be excavated. They will also map both of these multi-component sites in detail. At Cape Grinnell, a geomorphological study will help the team understand the development of beach ridges, which have been occupied for over 4000 years. The investigators will be addressing questions of basic culture history; culture contact, both between indigenous groups and between Euro-Americans and Inuit; adaptation to the changing polar environment; and mammalian biogeography. This project is part of NSF?s investment in International Polar Year research. The project is an international collaborative one with researchers from the United States, Canada, Denmark and Greenland (including members of the local Inughuit communities).