RAPID: Mitigation of Threatened Cultural Resources at the Shaktoolik Airport Site

RAPID：沙克图里克机场遗址受威胁文化资源的缓解

• 批准号: 1437573
• 负责人: Christyann Darwent
• 金额: $ 2.47万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-15 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1437573&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Mitigation; Threatened; Cultural; Resources

This RAPID grant funds mapping and small-scale testing of imminently threatened archaeological resources at the Shaktoolik Airport heritage site (NOB-072) in northwestern Alaska. The research team visited this site in 2013 and noted a large concentration of more than 25 late Thule (ca. AD 1400) to early contact period ?house? depressions. This house concentration includes what appears to be a communal or ceremonial men?s house (Karigi/Qargi in Inupiaq or Qasgiq in Yup'ik), a structure that has been documented ethnographically but rarely investigated archaeologically. However, this site is located on a low-lying spit of land that is in immediate danger of being destroyed by coastal erosion and flooding from increased ocean storminess and river outwash. In addition, melting permafrost is lessening artifact and site preservation ? something that once made the Arctic an exceptional place for archaeology. The intellectual merit of this RAPID is high. Given the number and density of dwellings, this site is unique to the Thule period in Alaskan prehistory. The potential for a ceremonial house increases the uniqueness of the site, as such features are rare in northern Alaska. In addition, this particular site spans the prehistoric to historical period, which was a time of considerable cultural, economic, and social transformation including massive epidemics commensurate with the end of the Little Ice Age and collapse of the northern caribou population in the mid-1800s (i.e., Yup'ik territories were contracting and Inupiaq territories expanding). Shaktoolik site was the nexus of early trading among Inupiat, Yupiit, Athbaskans, Russians and Americans and has the potential to shed light on the role this early historic period and its shifting economic and social alliances played in the Inupiat expansion. Because the Airport site is located on the outskirts of the Native village of Shaktoolik it offers an excellent opportunity for local community involvement in the research, and thus the broader impacts for this project is also high. PI Darwent has developed a robust plan for the inclusion of community members in the research, including training and directly employing local youth in the site testing. In addition, the exploration and mitigation through mapping and testing of the site will assist the scientists and community members in gaining a deeper understanding of local and regional cultural heritage, and has the potential to safe guard important information for future generations, community members and scientists alike. In addition, the research offers training to UCD graduate students and potential for future dissertation projects.

该RAPID赠款资助阿拉斯加西北部Shaktoolik机场遗址（NOB-072）迫在眉睫的考古资源的测绘和小规模测试。研究小组于2013年访问了这个地点，并注意到超过25个晚期图勒（约25个）的大量集中。公元1400年）到早期接触时期？房子吗？抑郁症这个房子集中包括什么似乎是一个社区或礼仪的人？的房子（Karigi/Qargi在Inupiaq或Qasgiq在Yup'ik），一个结构，已记录人种学，但很少进行考古调查。然而，这个地点位于一个低洼的陆地上，由于海洋风暴和河流冲刷的增加，海岸侵蚀和洪水立即有被摧毁的危险。此外，融化的永久冻土减少了文物和遗址的保护？这使得北极成为考古学的绝佳之地这种快速的智力价值是高的。考虑到住宅的数量和密度，这个遗址在阿拉斯加史前的图勒时期是独一无二的。作为一个仪式性的房子的潜力增加了该网站的独特性，因为这样的功能是罕见的北方阿拉斯加。 此外，这个特殊的遗址跨越了史前到历史时期，这是一个相当大的文化，经济和社会转型的时期，包括与小冰河时代结束和19世纪中期北方驯鹿种群崩溃相称的大规模流行病（即，Yup'ik领土正在缩小，Inupiaq领土正在扩大）。 Shaktoolik遗址是Inupiat，Yupiit，Athbaskans，俄罗斯人和美国人之间早期贸易的纽带，有可能揭示这个早期历史时期的作用及其在Inupiat扩张中发挥的经济和社会联盟的转变。 由于机场位于Shaktoolik原住民村庄的郊区，因此为当地社区参与研究提供了绝佳的机会，因此该项目的广泛影响也很大。 PI Darwent制定了一项强有力的计划，将社区成员纳入研究，包括培训和直接雇用当地青年进行现场测试。 此外，通过对该遗址进行测绘和测试进行勘探和缓解，将有助于科学家和社区成员更深入地了解当地和区域文化遗产，并有可能为子孙后代、社区成员和科学家保护重要信息。 此外，该研究为UCD研究生提供培训，并为未来的论文项目提供潜力。