COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH; IPY: Ocean-Ice Interaction in the Amundsen Sea sector of West Antarctica

摘要项目负责人：Robert A. Bindschadler项目编号：0732906合作伙伴：McPhee 0732804， Holland 0732869, Truffer 0732730, Stanton 0732926， Anandakrishnan 0732844题目：合作研究：IPY；南极综合与系统科学项目极地项目办公室授予该奖项，以支持一项跨学科研究，研究海洋对南极西部冰盖最具活力地区冰川冰稳定性的影响，即阿蒙森海海湾的松岛冰川。该合作项目建立在非常成功的南极西部冰盖项目所获得的知识基础上，并由美国宇航局联合赞助。最近的观测表明，该地区的冰损失很大，相当于目前海平面上升幅度的10%。这些变化沿海岸最大，并迅速向内陆传播，表明海洋对该地区冰盖稳定性的关键影响。虽然有广泛的遥感和地面仪器可用于表征冰表面和内部结构（变形、冰运动、融化）的变化以及下垫沉积物和岩床的形状，但尚未成功地部署仪器来观测漂浮冰架下面的海洋空洞的边界层过程，而海洋空洞显然正在发生快速融化。将开发并部署创新的微型海洋传感器，这些传感器可以通过冰架（约500米厚）的钻孔下降，在至少三年的时间内自动提供海洋剖面信息。他们的数据将通过冻结在钻孔中的导电电缆传输到地面，然后通过卫星进一步传输到美国的一个实验室。地球物理和遥感方法（地震、GPS、测高、立体成像、雷达剖面）将被应用于绘制冰架的几何形状、亚冰架空洞的形状、冰表面的几何形状和冰川冰内的变形。为了整合地震、冰川学和海洋学的观测，一个新的三维冰-海耦合模型正在开发中，这将是同类模型中的第一个。美国国家航空航天局正在支持基于卫星的研究和机器人相机系统的部署，以探索冰架下面的海洋腔中的环境，美国国家科学基金会正在支持这项研究的所有其他方面。更广泛的影响：该项目的动机是海平面快速上升的潜在社会影响，并将导致在描述和预测耦合海洋-冰系统行为方面急需的改进。这是对国际极地年的一项贡献，并得到了国际科学理事会的认可，作为“阿蒙森海海湾多学科研究”提案第258号的组成部分。这项研究涉及与英国南极调查局和英国布里斯托尔大学的大量国际合作伙伴关系。调查人员将与先前资助的“极地嘉年华”教育和推广项目合作，除了开展他们自己的各种推广活动外。本研究项目将纳入8名研究生、1名本科生和1名博士后。

AbstractPI: Robert A. Bindschadler Proposal Number: 0732906Collaborative With: McPhee 0732804, Holland 0732869, Truffer 0732730, Stanton 0732926, Anandakrishnan 0732844 Title: Collaborative Research: IPY: Ocean-Ice Interaction in the Amundsen Sea Sector of West AntarcticaThe Office of Polar Programs, Antarctic Integrated and System Science Program has made this award to support an interdisciplinary study of the effects of the ocean on the stability of glacial ice in the most dynamic region the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, namely the Pine Island Glacier in the Amundsen Sea Embayment. The collaborative project builds on the knowledge gained by the highly successful West Antarctic Ice Sheet program and is being jointly sponsored with NASA. Recent observations indicate a significant ice loss, equivalent to 10% of the ongoing increase in sea-level rise, in this region. These changes are largest along the coast and propagate rapidly inland, indicating the critical impact of the ocean on ice sheet stability in the region. While a broad range of remote sensing and ground-based instrumentation is available to characterize changes of the ice surface and internal structure (deformation, ice motion, melt) and the shape of the underlying sediment and rock bed, instrumentation has yet to be successfully deployed for observing boundary layer processes of the ocean cavity which underlies the floating ice shelf and where rapid melting is apparently occurring. Innovative, mini ocean sensors that can be lowered through boreholes in the ice shelf (about 500 m thick) will be developed and deployed to automatically provide ocean profiling information over at least three years. Their data will be transmitted through a conducting cable frozen in the borehole to the surface where it will be further transmitted via satellite to a laboratory in the US. Geophysical and remote sensing methods (seismic, GPS, altimetry, stereo imaging, radar profiling) will be applied to map the geometry of the ice shelf, the shape of the sub ice-shelf cavity, the ice surface geometry and deformations within the glacial ice. To integrate the seismic, glaciological and oceanographic observations, a new 3-dimensional coupled ice-ocean model is being developed which will be the first of its kind. NASA is supporting satellite based research and the deployment of a robotic-camera system to explore the environment in the ocean cavity underlying the ice shelf and NSF is supporting all other aspects of this study. Broader impacts: This project is motivated by the potential societal impacts of rapid sea level rise and should result in critically needed improvements in characterizing and predicting the behavior of coupled ocean-ice systems. It is a contribution to the International Polar Year and was endorsed by the International Council for Science as a component of the "Multidisciplinary Study of the Amundsen Sea Embayment" proposal #258 of the honeycomb of endorsed IPY activities. The research involves substantial international partnerships with the British Antarctic Survey and the University of Bristol in the UK. The investigators will partner with the previously funded "Polar Palooza" education and outreach program in addition to undertaking a diverse set of outreach activities of their own. Eight graduate students and one undergraduate as well as one post doc will be integrated into this research project.