COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Application of Distributed Temperature Sensors (DTS) for Antarctic Ice Shelves and Cavities

合作研究：分布式温度传感器（DTS）在南极冰架和冰洞中的应用

• 批准号: 1043395
• 负责人: David Holland
• 金额: $ 4.83万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-15 至 2013-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1043395&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: COLLABORATIVE; RESEARCH; Application; Distributed; Temperature

AbstractResearchers will explore the use of a distributed temperature sensing monitoring system (DTS), using fiber-optical (FO) technology, as the basis of a sustainable, sub-ice cavity sensing array. FO cable systems, such as may be deployed through a hot-water drilled hole through an ice shelf, passing through the underlying cavity to the sea floor, are capable of measuring temperatures down fiber at 1 meter intervals, and at time frequencies as high as 15 seconds. DTS FO systems operate via optical time domain reflectometry along the fiber waveguide using inelastic backscatter of coherent laser light as a probe beam in the FO environment.The introduction of new technologies to the harsh environmental conditions of the Antarctic are often associated with high risk. However, the potential rewards of this approach (e.g. multiyear capability, minimal submerged mechanical or electrical components that may fail, relative simplicity of deployment and measurement principle, yet yielding distributed real time and spatial observation) are attractive enough to conduct a pilot project at a field-ready location (McMurdo). Current indications are that the instability of some of the world's largest ice sheets located around the Antarctic and Greenland may be caused by the presence of warming, deep ocean waters, shoaling over continental shelves, and melting the underside of floating ice shelves. Additional knowledge of the temporal and spatial variability of the temperature fields underneath terminal ice shelves, such as those draining the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, are needed to accurately project future global climate effects on ice-shelf ocean interactions, and in order to inform societal and technological aspects of adaption to changing sea-level.

研究人员将探索利用光纤（FO）技术的分布式温度传感监测系统（DTS）作为可持续的冰下腔传感阵列的基础。FO电缆系统，例如可以通过一个穿过冰架的热水钻孔，穿过下面的空腔到达海底，能够以1米的间隔测量光纤的温度，时间频率高达15秒。DTS FO系统在FO环境中利用相干激光的非弹性后向散射作为探测光束，沿光纤波导进行光时域反射。在南极恶劣的环境条件下引进新技术往往伴随着高风险。然而，这种方法的潜在回报（例如，多年的能力，最小的水下机械或电气组件可能会失效，相对简单的部署和测量原理，同时产生分布式的实时和空间观察）足以吸引在现场准备位置进行试点项目（McMurdo）。目前的迹象表明，位于南极和格陵兰岛周围的一些世界上最大的冰盖的不稳定可能是由变暖、深海海水、大陆架上的浅滩和浮冰架底部融化造成的。为了准确预测未来全球气候对冰架和海洋相互作用的影响，并为适应海平面变化的社会和技术方面提供信息，需要进一步了解终端冰架（如南极西部冰盖的排水）下温度场的时空变异性。