SGER: Carbon Supported Non-Noble Metal Electrocatalysts Based on Macrocyclic Compounds

SGER：基于大环化合物的碳负载非贵金属电催化剂

• 批准号: 0736111
• 负责人: Alevtina White Smirnova
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Connecticut
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0736111&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Carbon; Supported; Non; Noble

0736111Smirnova, Alevtina Noble metal electrocatalysts are well known and extensively used for manufacturing of various kinds of electrochemical devices, however the high cost of these materials significantly restricts their commercial application. Though remarkable progress has been made recently, none of the existing non-noble metal catalysts can reach the level of a Pt based catalysts in terms of catalytic activity, durability and chemical/electrochemical stability.The proposed research is focused on synthesis and characterization of novel nonnoble metal electro-catalysts based on macrocyclic compounds. The catalysts will be synthesized from transition metals chelated with organic precursors and impregnated into modified carbon supports forming nitrogen enriched nano-structures. As a result, a self-organized network of macro-cycles containing stabilized transition metal cations will be formed inside the modified carbon support possessing high catalytic activity toward oxygen reduction and hydrogen oxidation.The intellectual merit of the proposed work is in designing new catalysts and understanding the structure-properties relationship of the electrocatalysts based on macrocyclic compounds that have direct influence on industrial, environmental, national security and sustainable energy resources. The novel catalysts will be investigated with emphasis on carbon support functionality, coordination effect between metal cation macrocycles and support, and the distribution of active catalytic sites. The broader impacts of this work will enhance design of a new generation of non-noble electrocatalysts that can be used in different kinds of low temperature fuel cells, such as H2, methanol, ethanol, or formic acid fuel cells, electrolyzers, and hydrogen separation devices. The completed experimental cycle from synthesizing catalyst to manufacturing a fuel cell will validate the results of the work. This study will form links to other scientific disciplines, such as those regarding bio-catalysts in which a single enzymatic site containing iron cation is two orders of magnitude more active than Pt atom.This work will give a significant educational background for the students in the emerging area of non-noble metal catalysts. Furthermore, it will allow to enhance relationships with other universities, e.g. University of Illinois in Chicago, and to seed money for future projects. This project is vitally important for the PI as a new faculty member at the University of Connecticut to continue her work in the area of fuel cell catalysts that has been started earlier and has already found national and international recognition.

Smirnova、Alevtina贵金属电催化剂被广泛用于制造各种电化学装置，但其高昂的成本严重制约了其商业化应用。尽管近年来取得了显著的进展，但现有的非贵金属催化剂在催化活性、持久性和化学/电化学稳定性方面都无法达到铂基催化剂的水平。本文的研究重点是基于大环化合物的新型非贵金属电催化剂的合成与表征。这些催化剂将由过渡金属与有机前驱体络合而成，并浸渍到改性碳载体上，形成富氮纳米结构。因此，在具有高氧还原和氢氧化催化活性的改性碳载体内部形成一个含有稳定过渡金属阳离子的大环自组织网络。本工作的智力价值在于设计新的催化剂和理解基于大环化合物的电催化剂的结构与性能关系，这些大环化合物对工业、环境、国家安全和可持续能源有直接影响。重点考察了碳载体的官能度、金属阳离子大环与载体的配位作用以及催化剂活性中心的分布。这项工作的更广泛影响将促进新一代非贵金属电催化剂的设计，这些催化剂可用于不同类型的低温燃料电池，如氢气、甲醇、乙醇或甲酸燃料电池、电解槽和氢分离设备。从合成催化剂到制造燃料电池的完整实验周期将验证工作的结果。这项研究将形成与其他科学学科的联系，例如关于生物催化剂的那些，在生物催化剂中，含有铁离子的单一酶位置的活性比铂原子高两个数量级。这项工作将为新兴的非贵金属催化剂领域的学生提供重要的教育背景。此外，它还将允许加强与其他大学的关系，例如芝加哥的伊利诺伊大学，并为未来的项目提供资金。作为康涅狄格大学的一名新教员，这一项目对于PI继续她在燃料电池催化剂领域的工作至关重要，这一领域已经开始，并已获得国内和国际的认可。