Collaborative Research: Atmosphere-Ocean-Ice Interaction in a Coastal Polynya

摘要 南极冰间湖是常存于大陆海冰中的无冰区。需要对南极冰间湖的低层大气特性、空气-海洋表面热通量和相应的海洋深度剖面进行表征，特别是在强风事件期间，以便更详细地了解冰间湖在潜热型海冰的产生以及通过盐水排斥形成稠密海底水域中的作用。更广泛的影响：一项关键的技术创新，即使用仪表化无人飞机系统（UAS），将被用来在冬末和夏初的时间范围内持续、安全地观测弱风场和强下降风场与特拉诺瓦湾（南极洲维多利亚地）冰间湖水域的相互作用。迄今为止，无人机观测平台在非洲大陆的使用还很有限，但在测量和观测模式中展示其多功能性和有效性是一个值得欢迎的发展。科罗拉多大学和 LDEO（哥伦比亚）研究人员使用 UAS 平台的项目既具有高风险，又可能对许多南极科学应用日益需要的系统数据测量任务产生变革性影响。

Abstract Antarctic polynyas are the ice free zones often persisting in continental sea ice. Characterization of the lower atmosphere properties, air-sea surface heat fluxes and corresponding ocean depth profiles of Antarctic polynyas, especially during strong wind events, is needed for a more detailed understanding of the role of polynya in the production of latent-heat type sea ice and the formation, through brine rejection, of dense ocean bottom waters. Broader impacts: A key technological innovation, the use of instrumented uninhabited aircraft systems (UAS), will be employed to enable the persistent and safe observation of the interaction of light and strong katabatic wind fields with the Terra Nova Bay (Victoria Land, Antarctica) polynya waters during late winter and early summer time frames. The use of UAS observational platforms on the continent to date has to date been modest, but demonstration of their versatility and effectiveness in surveying and observing mode is a welcome development. The projects use of UAS platforms by University of Colorado and LDEO (Columbia) researchers is both high risk, and potentially transformative for the systematic data measurement tasks that many Antarctic science applications increasingly require.