Collaborative Research: Atmosphere-Ocean-Ice Interaction in a Coastal Polynya

摘要南极冰穴是指在大陆海冰中经常存在的无冰区。为了更详细地了解冰穴在产生潜热型海冰和通过排盐水形成稠密的海底沃茨方面的作用，需要对南极冰穴的低层大气特性、海气表面热通量和相应的海洋深度剖面进行表征，特别是在强风期间。更广泛的影响：将采用一项关键的技术创新，即使用无人驾驶飞机系统，以便能够在冬末夏初的时间范围内持续和安全地观察轻而强的下降风场与特拉诺瓦湾（南极洲维多利亚地）冰间沃茨的相互作用。迄今为止，无人机系统观测平台在非洲大陆的使用一直不多，但其在勘测和观测模式方面的多功能性和有效性的展示是一个值得欢迎的发展。科罗拉多大学和LDEO（哥伦比亚）研究人员使用UAS平台的项目既具有高风险，又可能对许多南极科学应用日益需要的系统数据测量任务产生变革性影响。

Abstract Antarctic polynyas are the ice free zones often persisting in continental sea ice. Characterization of the lower atmosphere properties, air-sea surface heat fluxes and corresponding ocean depth profiles of Antarctic polynyas, especially during strong wind events, is needed for a more detailed understanding of the role of polynya in the production of latent-heat type sea ice and the formation, through brine rejection, of dense ocean bottom waters. Broader impacts: A key technological innovation, the use of instrumented uninhabited aircraft systems (UAS), will be employed to enable the persistent and safe observation of the interaction of light and strong katabatic wind fields with the Terra Nova Bay (Victoria Land, Antarctica) polynya waters during late winter and early summer time frames. The use of UAS observational platforms on the continent to date has to date been modest, but demonstration of their versatility and effectiveness in surveying and observing mode is a welcome development. The projects use of UAS platforms by University of Colorado and LDEO (Columbia) researchers is both high risk, and potentially transformative for the systematic data measurement tasks that many Antarctic science applications increasingly require.