Collaborative Research: Atmosphere-Ocean-Ice Interaction in a Coastal Polynya

摘要南极冰湖是大陆海冰中经常存在的无冰区。为了更详细地了解南极冰堆在潜热型海冰的产生和通过盐水排出形成稠密海底水中的作用，需要确定南极冰堆的低层大气特性、海气表面热通量和相应的海洋深度剖面，特别是在强风事件期间。更广泛的影响：一项关键的技术创新，即使用仪器化无人飞机系统（UAS），将用于在冬末夏初的时间框架内，对特拉诺瓦湾（南极洲维多利亚地）多冰湖水域的轻、强垂直风场的相互作用进行持续和安全的观测。迄今为止，在非洲大陆上使用的无人机观测平台数量有限，但在测量和观测模式上展示了它们的多功能性和有效性，这是一个值得欢迎的发展。科罗拉多大学和LDEO（哥伦比亚）的研究人员使用无人机平台的项目既是高风险的，也是许多南极科学应用日益需要的系统数据测量任务的潜在变革。

Abstract Antarctic polynyas are the ice free zones often persisting in continental sea ice. Characterization of the lower atmosphere properties, air-sea surface heat fluxes and corresponding ocean depth profiles of Antarctic polynyas, especially during strong wind events, is needed for a more detailed understanding of the role of polynya in the production of latent-heat type sea ice and the formation, through brine rejection, of dense ocean bottom waters. Broader impacts: A key technological innovation, the use of instrumented uninhabited aircraft systems (UAS), will be employed to enable the persistent and safe observation of the interaction of light and strong katabatic wind fields with the Terra Nova Bay (Victoria Land, Antarctica) polynya waters during late winter and early summer time frames. The use of UAS observational platforms on the continent to date has to date been modest, but demonstration of their versatility and effectiveness in surveying and observing mode is a welcome development. The projects use of UAS platforms by University of Colorado and LDEO (Columbia) researchers is both high risk, and potentially transformative for the systematic data measurement tasks that many Antarctic science applications increasingly require.