Collaborative Research: Pre-Columbian Human Impacts on Amazonian Ecosystems

合作研究:前哥伦布时代人类对亚马逊生态系统的影响

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0743357
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 5万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2008-04-01 至 2011-03-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

How natural are the forests of Amazonia? A growing case is being made among anthropologists and archaeologists that prior to European contact native people manipulated large areas, perhaps the majority, of Amazonia. Given that Amazonia is the largest rainforest and home to unparalleled biodiversity, understanding to what extent wildlife and people have interacted in the past is vital for effective planning and policy formulation. A further aspect of this debate is that if much of Amazonia is truly the product of disturbance just 400-500 years ago, the forest must be considered to be relatively young and probably not close to carbon-equilibrium. To test the idea of widespread disturbance, this project will conduct the first systematic survey of Amazonian soils for charcoal. Fires in Amazonia are almost always human-induced, and each burn leaves ash and charcoal that become incorporated into soil. Over 300 soil pits will be sampled on transects across Amazonia, to determine the distribution and age of buried charcoal. Prior soil descriptions also will be used to determine where other scientists have located charcoal and compare data gathered in this project with a new model for pre-Columbian settlement of Amazonia. Through these analyses, the collaborating team from Florida Tech, Wake Forest, University of Florida, The National History Museum, and Guarulhos University, Brazil, will hope to inject real data into the policy arena of Amazonian development and conservation.
亚马逊的森林有多自然?越来越多的人类学家和考古学家认为,在欧洲人接触之前,土著人操纵了亚马逊河流域的大片地区,也许是大部分地区。鉴于亚马逊是最大的热带雨林和无与伦比的生物多样性的家园,了解野生动物和人类在过去的互动程度对于有效的规划和政策制定至关重要。这场辩论的另一个方面是,如果亚马逊河流域的大部分地区确实是400-500年前扰动的产物,那么森林必须被认为是相对年轻的,可能还没有接近碳平衡。为了验证广泛干扰的想法,该项目将对亚马孙土壤进行首次系统调查,以寻找木炭。亚马逊地区的火灾几乎都是人为引起的,每次燃烧都会留下灰烬和木炭,并融入土壤。将在亚马逊河流域的横断面上对300多个土坑进行取样,以确定埋藏木炭的分布和年代。之前的土壤描述也将用于确定其他科学家在哪里找到木炭,并将该项目中收集的数据与前哥伦布时期亚马逊定居点的新模型进行比较。通过这些分析,来自佛罗里达理工学院、维克森林大学、佛罗里达大学、国家历史博物馆和巴西瓜鲁柳斯大学的合作团队希望将真实的数据注入亚马逊河开发和保护的政策竞技场。

项目成果

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Andrew Zimmerman其他文献

Combined lung and liver transplantation in a girl with cystic fibrosis
囊性纤维化女孩的肺和肝联合移植
  • DOI:
    10.1007/bf03013549
  • 发表时间:
    1999
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Andrew Zimmerman;T. Howard;C. Huddleston
  • 通讯作者:
    C. Huddleston
Superfluid stiffness of twisted trilayer graphene superconductors
扭曲三层石墨烯超导体的超流体刚度
  • DOI:
    10.1038/s41586-024-08444-3
  • 发表时间:
    2025-02-05
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    48.500
  • 作者:
    Abhishek Banerjee;Zeyu Hao;Mary Kreidel;Patrick Ledwith;Isabelle Phinney;Jeong Min Park;Andrew Zimmerman;Marie E. Wesson;Kenji Watanabe;Takashi Taniguchi;Robert M. Westervelt;Amir Yacoby;Pablo Jarillo-Herrero;Pavel A. Volkov;Ashvin Vishwanath;Kin Chung Fong;Philip Kim
  • 通讯作者:
    Philip Kim

Andrew Zimmerman的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Andrew Zimmerman', 18)}}的其他基金

STTR Phase II: Probabilistic and Explainable Deep Learning for the Intuitive Predictive Maintenance of Industrial and Agricultural Equipment
STTR 第二阶段:用于工业和农业设备直观预测维护的概率和可解释深度学习
  • 批准号:
    2222630
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Cooperative Agreement
Collaborative Research: Exploring the dynamic interaction between pyrogenic carbon and extracellular enzymes and its impacts on organic matter cycling in fire-impacted environments
合作研究:探索热解碳和细胞外酶之间的动态相互作用及其对受火灾影响的环境中有机物循环的影响
  • 批准号:
    2120122
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
STTR Phase I: Probabilistic and Explainable Deep Learning for the Intuitive Predictive Maintenance of Industrial and Agricultural Equipment
STTR 第一阶段:用于工业和农业设备直观预测维护的概率和可解释深度学习
  • 批准号:
    2036044
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Detection of dissolved pyrogenic carbon export following the Southern California fires of 2017
2017 年南加州火灾后溶解热解碳输出的检测
  • 批准号:
    1824133
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Dissolved pyrogenic organic matter dynamics in the environment
合作研究:环境中溶解热解有机物动力学
  • 批准号:
    1451367
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
SBIR Phase I: A Multifunctional Piezoelectric Smart Flooring System for Energy Efficient Control in Commercial Building Systems
SBIR 第一阶段:用于商业建筑系统节能控制的多功能压电智能地板系统
  • 批准号:
    1113466
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Black Carbon Remineralization in the Environment: Physical and Chemical Controls
合作研究:环境中的黑碳再矿化:物理和化学控制
  • 批准号:
    0819706
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Energy Conservation as a Form of Technological Citizenship: Implication for the Energy Future
节能作为技术公民的一种形式:对能源未来的影响
  • 批准号:
    9601555
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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