RUI: Tropospheric Ozone and Aerosol Precursors from the Oxidation of Aromatics

RUI:芳烃氧化产生的对流层臭氧和气溶胶前体

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0753103
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 29.85万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2008-05-01 至 2013-04-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

In this project, the Investigator will study the oxidation mechanisms of atmospherically abundant aromatic compounds. The experiments will include the identification of oxidation system intermediates and stable final products and the measurement of the relevant kinetic parameters via the turbulent flow chemical ionization mass spectrometry (TF-CIMS) technique. In particular, the CIMS approach will allow for a more complete identification of the reaction system species, and the TF method will provide the facility to separately control OH and NOx levels in the system as well as the ability to perform temperature dependence studies of relevance to the entire troposphere. The atmospheric oxidation of aromatic compounds plays a significant role in the air pollution problems of tropospheric ozone production and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. Like most hydrocarbons, the oxidation of aromatic compounds produces peroxy radicals, which promote the NO to NO2 conversion that often controls ozone production on the regional scale. In addition, these oxidation processes lead to both relatively large and smaller, but highly oxidized, species that readily form SOA. However, recent studies have shown that our current understanding of the aromatic oxidation mechanism is significantly in error, as these models significantly overpredict ozone and underpredict OH radical formation in experiments in which atmospheric conditions are simulated. It is also unclear at what point SOA precursors are formed in the sequential oxidation process operative in the atmosphere. This situation has significant negative implications concerning the ability of atmospheric models to model and predict the impact of aromatic compounds on air quality. A major goal of the project is to contribute to the effort to improve air quality through a mechanistic understanding of the processes that lead to air pollution. The construction of a fundamental understanding of the chemistry that leads to ozone and aerosol formation for aromatic compounds serves to inform the public policy process and to contribute to a more expeditious and cost-effective solution to the problem of air pollution. This program also has the broader goal of furthering the development of the human resources necessary for the nation's scientific enterprise. In particular, the experience of performing original research in atmospheric chemistry (which is still a quite rare opportunity for students at four year institutions) will attract students and help prepare them for future careers in atmospheric science. The program will also serve to broaden and enrich the intellectual atmosphere at Oberlin College, and within the chemistry and biochemistry department.
在这个项目中,调查者将研究大气中丰富的芳香族化合物的氧化机理。实验将包括利用湍流化学电离质谱仪(TF-CIMS)鉴定氧化体系中间体和稳定的最终产物,并测量相关的动力学参数。特别是,CIMS方法将允许更全面地确定反应体系物种,而TF方法将提供分别控制系统中的OH和NOx水平的设施,以及执行与整个对流层相关的温度依赖研究的能力。芳香族化合物的大气氧化在对流层臭氧产生和二次有机气溶胶(SOA)形成的空气污染问题中起着重要作用。像大多数碳氢化合物一样,芳香族化合物的氧化会产生过氧自由基,从而促进NO到NO2的转化,这往往控制着区域范围内臭氧的产生。此外,这些氧化过程导致了相对较大和较小但高度氧化的物种,这些物种很容易形成SOA。然而,最近的研究表明,我们目前对芳香族氧化机理的理解是严重错误的,因为在模拟大气条件的实验中,这些模型显著高估了臭氧而低估了OH自由基的形成。目前也不清楚在大气中运行的顺序氧化过程中,在什么时候形成了SOA前体。这种情况对大气模式模拟和预测芳香化合物对空气质量的影响的能力有重大的负面影响。该项目的一个主要目标是通过机械地了解导致空气污染的过程,为改善空气质量的努力做出贡献。建立对导致芳香族化合物臭氧和气溶胶形成的化学的基本了解有助于为公共政策进程提供信息,并有助于更迅速、更具成本效益地解决空气污染问题。该计划还有一个更广泛的目标,即进一步开发国家科学事业所需的人力资源。特别是,在大气化学方面进行原创研究的经验(这对四年制院校的学生来说仍然是一个相当难得的机会)将吸引学生,并帮助他们为未来的大气科学职业生涯做好准备。该项目还将有助于拓宽和丰富奥伯林学院以及化学和生物化学系的知识氛围。

项目成果

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Matthew Elrod其他文献

Matthew Elrod的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Matthew Elrod', 18)}}的其他基金

RUI: Assessing Mechanisms for Organosulfate Formation in Secondary Organic Aerosol
RUI:二次有机气溶胶中有机硫酸盐形成的评估机制
  • 批准号:
    1841019
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.85万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RUI: Epoxides from Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds: Gas Phase Formation and Aerosol Phase Reactions
RUI:来自生物挥发性有机化合物的环氧化物:气相形成和气溶胶相反应
  • 批准号:
    1559319
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.85万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RUI: Gas and Aerosol Phase Chemistry of Multi-Generation Isoprene Oxidation Products
RUI:多代异戊二烯氧化产物的气相和气溶胶相化学
  • 批准号:
    1153861
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.85万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RUI: Overall Rate Constant and Nitrate Branching Ratio Measurements for the Reactions of Alkene-Derived Peroxy Radicals with Nitric Oxide
RUI:烯烃衍生过氧自由基与一氧化氮反应的总速率常数和硝酸盐支化比测量
  • 批准号:
    0352537
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.85万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
CAREER: The Direct Determination of Rate Constants and Branching Ratios for Methylperoxy Reactions Under Atmospherically Relevant Conditions
职业生涯:在大气相关条件下直接测定甲基过氧反应的速率常数和支化比
  • 批准号:
    0196205
  • 财政年份:
    2001
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.85万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
CAREER: The Direct Determination of Rate Constants and Branching Ratios for Methylperoxy Reactions Under Atmospherically Relevant Conditions
职业生涯:在大气相关条件下直接测定甲基过氧反应的速率常数和支化比
  • 批准号:
    9874752
  • 财政年份:
    1999
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.85万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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从卫星上可以观测到对流层低层臭氧的范围有多大?
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基于卫星观测的对流层臭氧全球预算和日变化评估
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How does elevated tropospheric ozone exposure affect plant health over time?
随着时间的推移,对流层臭氧暴露增加如何影响植物健康?
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开发基于 MAX-DOAS 测量的对流层臭氧新反演方法及其在中国和德国长期 MAX-DOAS 测量中的应用,以验证对流层臭氧的卫星观测和模型结果
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