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A Comparative approach in Drosophila larvae to identify the neuronal circuits signaling punishment and reward in associative olfactory learning

果蝇幼虫中识别联想嗅觉学习中惩罚和奖励信号的神经元回路的比较方法

基本信息

批准号：
187007853
负责人：
Professor Dr. Andreas Stephan Thum
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Biologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Independent Junior Research Groups
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/187007853?language=en
关键词：
Comparative approach Drosophila larvae identify

项目摘要

Learning and memory is not an attribute of higher organisms. Even simple animals like Drosophila larvae are able to evaluate odors based on previous experience, which can either be positive, i.e. rewarding (sugar, moderate heat) or negative, punishing (electric shock, high salt concentration). Yet, how perception and processing of sensory information affects behavioral decisions is not well understood in any organism. Therefore the Drosophila larva, which includes no more than 3,000 functional neurons and still displays a considerable behavioral repertoire, serves as a particularly suited model for studying the basis of learning and memory. A comparative analysis of olfactory learning reinforced by gustatory, temperature and electric stimuli will therefore help to identify the general but also the specific requirements of neuronal plasticity from the cellular and molecular up to the behavioral level. In detail, we will pursue three general projects: generation of an open-source database for larval expression patterns; establishment of Calcium-imaging for the larval sensory system and higher brain areas; automating of larval olfactory learning experiments. Specifically we will analyze: How do larvae associate smell with “good” and “bad” cues on the behavioral, neuronal circuits and memory center level? Do olfactory memories persist during metamorphosis? And how does Lithium chloride enhance the acquisition as well as the retrieval of larval olfactory memory?

学习和记忆不是高等生物的属性。即使像果蝇幼虫这样的简单动物也能够根据以前的经验来评估气味，这些气味可以是积极的，即奖励（糖、中等热量），也可以是消极的、惩罚性的（电击、高盐浓度）。然而，在任何生物体中，感官信息的感知和处理如何影响行为决策尚不清楚。因此，果蝇幼虫包含不超过 3,000 个功能神经元，但仍表现出相当多的行为能力，是特别适合研究学习和记忆基础的模型。因此，对味觉、温度和电刺激强化的嗅觉学习进行比较分析将有助于确定从细胞和分子到行为水平的神经元可塑性的一般要求和具体要求。具体来说，我们将开展三个一般项目：生成幼虫表达模式的开源数据库；建立幼虫感觉系统和高级大脑区域的钙成像；幼虫嗅觉学习实验的自动化。具体我们将分析：幼虫如何在行为、神经回路和记忆中枢层面将气味与“好”和“坏”线索联系起来？变态过程中嗅觉记忆会持续存在吗？氯化锂如何增强幼虫嗅觉记忆的获取和恢复？