HCC - Medium: A Location-Aware Non-Mimetic Simulation Game for Teaching Team Coordination

HCC - Medium：用于教学团队协调的位置感知非模仿模拟游戏

• 批准号: 0803854
• 负责人: Andruid Kerne
• 金额: $ 47.58万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2013-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0803854&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: HCC; Medium; Location; Aware; Non

Team coordination is essential for many critical tasks, but teaching people to work together is difficult. Vital to safety and security, the demanding team coordination of fire emergency response is characterized by real time stresses. Participants quickly acquire, integrate, and share large amounts of information while synchronizing action in dangerous, dynamic situations. Computer programming, another demanding task performed by teams, is vital to security and industry. Digital games are an exciting, new, intrinsically motivating medium of education, capable of requiring interpersonal communication and cooperation, and simulating stress in a safe environment. The embodied basis of location-aware games, which create mixed reality by combining direct physical action with human computer interaction via wearable computers and sensors, provides unique capabilities for human-to-human interaction. Location-aware multi-player games change the way participants interact with one another, by affording players the opportunity to spontaneously split-up and re-group, which is impossible in traditional desktop digital games. This research develops and evaluates a location-aware non-mimetic simulation game for teaching team coordination based on preliminary findings that establish the importance of dynamic re-grouping of participants and optimization of communication modalities, such as face-to-face and radio, in fire emergency response. The project introduces non-mimetic simulation to describe environments that model contextualized human task operations, emphasizing the structure of human communication and coordination, while abstracting out physical characteristics of an environment. Non-mimetic simulation focuses simulation resources on goal-directed operational characteristics of task performance, such as information flows. The objective of this proposal is to develop new high performance, cost-effective methods for using location-aware non-mimetic simulation games to teach team coordination for emergency response. Further, the transfer of the non-mimetic simulation from its roots in grounded ethnographic data about fire emergency response to teaching teams of STEM students to coordinate collaborative projects will be investigated. The principal hypotheses are to investigate whether and how location-aware games can improve team coordination performance in dangerous and stressful environments, and whether this method for teaching skills will prove transferable to other teamwork contexts.The proposed research is innovative in its interdisciplinary approach, which integrates methods from ethnography, distributed and team cognition, game design, location-aware systems, human computer interaction, and emergency response. This innovative approach is expected to yield significant outcomes: (1) a grounded methodology of non-mimetic simulation; (2) new knowledge of how embodied game play impacts education; (3) new non-mimetic simulation game design methods for teaching team coordination across domains; (4) new knowledge about designing and evaluating location-aware systems; (5) new methods for evaluating team coordination and how games support it. Research products will be deployed in the nation's largest fire training facility, which educates over 45,000 students per year, improving the skills and performance of emergency responders. More effective teamwork means that fire emergency responders will be better able to perform their duties: protecting the lives of citizens, protecting each others' lives, and protecting property. Games are an essential form of culture. Delivering education through games will motivate student engagement. In a period in which STEM enrollment has been declining, deployment among undergraduate computer science majors is expected to increase retention.

团队协作对于许多关键任务至关重要，但教人们一起工作是困难的。消防应急响应的团队协调工作具有真实的时间压力，对安全和安保至关重要。参与者快速获取、整合和共享大量信息，同时在危险、动态的情况下同步行动。计算机编程是另一项由团队完成的艰巨任务，对安全和工业至关重要。数字游戏是一种令人兴奋的，新的，内在激励的教育媒介，能够要求人际沟通和合作，并在安全的环境中模拟压力。位置感知游戏的具体基础是通过可穿戴计算机和传感器将直接物理动作与人机交互相结合来创建混合现实，为人与人的交互提供了独特的能力。位置感知多人游戏改变了参与者之间的互动方式，为玩家提供了自发分裂和重新组合的机会，这在传统的桌面数字游戏中是不可能的。本研究开发并评估了一个位置感知的非拟态模拟策略类游戏教学团队协调的基础上建立的重要性，动态重组的参与者和优化的通信方式，如面对面和无线电，在火灾应急响应。该项目引入了非模仿仿真来描述环境，模拟情境化的人类任务操作，强调人类沟通和协调的结构，同时抽象出环境的物理特征。非模仿仿真将仿真资源集中在任务性能的目标导向的操作特性上，例如信息流。本建议的目的是开发新的高性能，成本效益的方法，使用位置感知非拟态模拟游戏教团队协调应急响应。此外，将调查非模仿模拟从其根源的接地民族志数据有关火灾应急响应的STEM学生的教学团队协调合作项目的转移。本研究的主要假设是探讨在危险和紧张的环境中，位置感知游戏是否以及如何提高团队的协调能力，以及这种教学方法是否可以转移到其他团队环境中。本研究的创新之处在于其跨学科的研究方法，它整合了民族志，分布式和团队认知，游戏设计，位置感知系统，人机交互，和应急响应。这种创新的方法预计将产生重大成果：（1）接地方法的非模仿模拟;（2）新的知识，体现游戏如何影响教育;（3）新的非模仿模拟策略类游戏设计方法的教学团队协调跨域;（4）新的知识，设计和评估位置感知系统;（5）评估团队协调以及游戏如何支持团队协调的新方法。研究产品将部署在全国最大的消防培训设施中，该设施每年教育45，000多名学生，提高应急响应人员的技能和表现。更有效的团队合作意味着火灾应急响应人员将能够更好地履行职责：保护公民的生命，保护彼此的生命，保护财产。游戏是文化的重要形式。通过游戏提供教育将激励学生参与。在STEM入学率一直下降的时期，本科计算机科学专业的部署预计将增加保留率。